Lauta V M
Dipartimento di Scienze, Biomediche ed Oncologia Medica, Universitá degli Studi, Policlinico di Bari, Italy.
Med Oncol. 1995 Mar;12(1):63-9. doi: 10.1007/BF01571411.
In vivo and in vitro studies are used to investigate interferon's use treating human multiple myeloma. In vitro studies demonstrate that the production of monoclonal immunoglobulin by myeloma plasma cells is reduced by alpha interferon; furthermore, interferon alpha seems to inhibit myeloma cell lines development. In vivo studies using interferon in the treatment of multiple myeloma experimentally reproduced in mice show low percentages of mortality among mice treated with high doses of interferon as opposed to high mortality among those treated with low doses. Clinical trials to evaluate the interferon efficacy in the treatment of human multiple myeloma demonstrate that the therapy of previously untreated patients using interferon is not useful because the response rate is lower than that of chemotherapy. There is no homogeneity of results of combined chemotherapy plus interferon as induction treatment of previously untreated patients. Homogeneous results are also not obtained using interferon alone or in combination with chemotherapy as a second induction treatment of relapsed patients. However, interferon seems to be effective as maintenance therapy of a response obtained with previous chemotherapy.
体内和体外研究被用于调查干扰素在治疗人类多发性骨髓瘤中的应用。体外研究表明，α干扰素可减少骨髓瘤浆细胞产生单克隆免疫球蛋白；此外，干扰素α似乎能抑制骨髓瘤细胞系的发展。在小鼠身上进行的使用干扰素治疗多发性骨髓瘤的体内研究表明，与低剂量治疗的小鼠高死亡率相反，高剂量干扰素治疗的小鼠死亡率较低。评估干扰素治疗人类多发性骨髓瘤疗效的临床试验表明，使用干扰素治疗先前未治疗的患者无效，因为其缓解率低于化疗。对于先前未治疗的患者，联合化疗加干扰素作为诱导治疗的结果并不一致。对于复发患者，单独使用干扰素或与化疗联合作为第二次诱导治疗也未获得一致的结果。然而，干扰素作为先前化疗所获缓解的维持治疗似乎是有效的。
