Guthmann J P
J Trop Med Hyg. 1995 Dec;98(6):419-27.
In the most recent epidemic of cholera in Latin America, nearly a million cases were reported and almost 9000 people died between January 1991 and December 1993. The epidemic spread rapidly from country to country, affecting in three years all the countries of Latin America except Uruguay and the Caribbean. Case-control studies carried out in Peru showed a significant association between drinking water and risk of disease. Cholera was associated with the consumption of unwashed fruit and vegetables, with eating food from street vendors and with contaminated crabmeat transported in travellers' luggage. This article documents the spread of the epidemic and its routes of transmission and discusses whether the introduction of the epidemic to Peru and its subsequent spread throughout the continent could have been prevented.
在拉丁美洲最近一次霍乱流行期间，1991年1月至1993年12月期间报告了近100万例病例，近9000人死亡。疫情在各国迅速蔓延，三年内影响了除乌拉圭和加勒比地区以外的所有拉丁美洲国家。在秘鲁进行的病例对照研究表明，饮用水与疾病风险之间存在显著关联。霍乱与食用未清洗的水果和蔬菜、从街头小贩处购买食物以及旅行者行李中携带的受污染蟹肉有关。本文记录了疫情的传播及其传播途径，并讨论了疫情传入秘鲁及其随后在整个大陆蔓延的情况是否可以预防。
