Kopjar B, Wickizer T
Department of Population Health Sciences, National Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
Pediatrics. 1996 Jan;97(1):43-7.
The study's objective was to examine and compare injury rates of children ages 6 months to 6 years in day care centers and homes. More specifically, we tested the hypothesis that the injury rate is lower in day care centers than at homes, as suggested by previous studies.
A comprehensive prospective injury registration was carried out in Stavanger, Norway, during 1992. We obtained data from this system to identify injuries occurring in day care centers, homes, and other places during 1992. Exposure-adjusted incidence rates were calculated to compare the risk of injury at day care centers, homes, and other places. We also obtained data from medical records on use and costs of medical care. In addition, a parent questionnaire was developed and used to gather data on the amount of injury-related restricted activity.
Among 9454 children ages 6 months to 6 years in Stavanger, 770 injuries occurred during 1992: 96 in day care centers, 472 at home, and 202 at other places. For children ages 6 months to 2 years, the rate of injuries was significantly lower in day care centers than at home (1.2 and 2.5, respectively, per 100,000 children-hours), but for children ages 3 to 6, the rates of injuries were similar in day care centers and at home (1.3 and 1.5, respectively, per 100,000 children-hours). The great majority of children attending day care centers were from 3 to 6 years of age. No significant differences were found in the severity of the injuries.
For children ages 3 to 6 years, which included most of the children attending day care centers in Stavanger, Norway, day care centers were not found to be safer than homes. We think continuing attention should be paid to injury control in day care centers.
本研究的目的是调查和比较6个月至6岁儿童在日托中心和家中的受伤率。更具体地说，我们检验了一个假设，即日托中心的受伤率低于家中，正如先前研究所表明的那样。
1992年在挪威斯塔万格进行了一项全面的前瞻性伤害登记。我们从该系统获取数据，以确定1992年在日托中心、家中和其他场所发生的伤害。计算暴露调整发病率，以比较日托中心、家中和其他场所的受伤风险。我们还从医疗记录中获取了医疗使用和费用的数据。此外，还设计了一份家长问卷，用于收集与伤害相关的受限活动量的数据。
在斯塔万格的9454名6个月至6岁儿童中，1992年发生了770起伤害事件：日托中心96起，家中472起，其他场所202起。对于6个月至2岁的儿童，日托中心的受伤率显著低于家中（每100,000儿童小时分别为1.2起和2.5起），但对于3至6岁的儿童，日托中心和家中的受伤率相似（每100,000儿童小时分别为1.3起和1.5起）。大多数参加日托中心的儿童年龄在3至6岁之间。在伤害的严重程度方面未发现显著差异。
对于3至6岁的儿童（其中包括挪威斯塔万格大多数参加日托中心的儿童），未发现日托中心比家中更安全。我们认为应持续关注日托中心的伤害控制。
