Shye D, Mullooly J P, Freeborn D K, Pope C R
Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research, Portland, OR 97227, USA.
Soc Sci Med. 1995 Oct;41(7):935-47. doi: 10.1016/0277-9536(94)00404-h.
Despite well-recognized gender differences in patterns of social network support, few studies have explored whether the pathways by which social support affects mortality risk differ for men and women. In a 15-year follow-up study of elderly HMO members, we found that network size affected men's mortality risk indirectly, through their health status, while no such indirect effect was found for women. The data also suggested that network size had a direct protective effect on mortality risk for both men and women, with men gaining protection at a lower level of network size than women. These findings confirm the need for a gender-specific approach to further research on this subject, and suggest the need to measure variables that capture the different meaning and value of social network participation for men and women.
尽管社会网络支持模式中存在公认的性别差异，但很少有研究探讨社会支持影响死亡风险的途径在男性和女性中是否不同。在一项对老年健康维护组织（HMO）成员的15年随访研究中，我们发现网络规模通过男性的健康状况间接影响其死亡风险，而女性未发现这种间接影响。数据还表明，网络规模对男性和女性的死亡风险都有直接的保护作用，男性在比女性更低的网络规模水平上获得保护。这些发现证实了针对该主题进一步研究采用针对性别的方法的必要性，并表明需要测量能够体现男性和女性社会网络参与的不同意义和价值的变量。
