Lopez-Segura F, Velasco F, Lopez-Miranda J, Castro P, Lopez-Pedrera R, Blanco A, Jimenez-Pereperez J, Torres A, Trujillo J, Ordovas J M, Pérez-Jiménez F
Unidad de Lípidos y Arteriosclerosis, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, Córdoba, Spain.
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1996 Jan;16(1):82-8. doi: 10.1161/01.atv.16.1.82.
An increase in levels of plasma plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) is one of the main hemostatic alterations in patients with coronary heart disease. Despite growing interest in the fibrinolytic system, few studies have been undertaken to determine the effect exerted on it by the different dietary fatty acids. We investigated the effect of a monounsaturated fat (MUFA)-rich diet in comparison with a low-fat diet (National Cholesterol Education Program step 1 diet) (NCEP-1) on factors involved in blood coagulation and fibrinolysis. We also determined the effect of dietary cholesterol on these blood parameters. Twenty-one young, male, healthy volunteers followed two low-fat/high-carbohydrate diets (< 30% fat, < 10% saturated fat, 14% MUFA) for 24 days each, with 115 or 280 mg of cholesterol per 1000 kcal per day, and two oleic acid-enriched diets (38% fat, 24% MUFA) with the same dietary cholesterol as the low-fat/high-carbohydrate diets. Plasma levels of fibrinogen, thrombin-antithrombin complexes, prothrombin fragments 1+2, plasminogen, alpha 2 antiplasmin, and tissue plasminogen activator were not significantly different among the experimental diets used in this study. Consumption of the diet rich in MUFA resulted in a significant decrease in both PAI-1 plasma activity (P < .005) and antigenic PAI-1 (P < .04) compared with the carbohydrate-rich diet (NCEP-1). The addition of dietary cholesterol to each of these diets did not result in any significant additional effect. Changes in insulin levels and PAI-1 activity were positively correlated (r = .425; P < .02). In conclusion, consumption of diets rich in MUFAs decreases PAI-1 plasma activity, which is accompanied by a parallel decrease in plasma insulin levels.
血浆纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂1型（PAI-1）水平升高是冠心病患者主要的止血改变之一。尽管对纤溶系统的兴趣日益增加，但很少有研究确定不同膳食脂肪酸对其产生的影响。我们研究了富含单不饱和脂肪（MUFA）的饮食与低脂饮食（国家胆固醇教育计划第一步饮食）（NCEP-1）相比，对参与血液凝固和纤溶的因素的影响。我们还确定了膳食胆固醇对这些血液参数的影响。21名年轻男性健康志愿者分别遵循两种低脂/高碳水化合物饮食（脂肪<30%，饱和脂肪<10%，MUFA 14%），每种饮食持续24天，每天每1000千卡含115或280毫克胆固醇，以及两种富含油酸的饮食（脂肪38%，MUFA 24%），其膳食胆固醇含量与低脂/高碳水化合物饮食相同。本研究中使用的实验饮食之间，血浆纤维蛋白原、凝血酶-抗凝血酶复合物、凝血酶原片段1+2、纤溶酶原、α2抗纤溶酶和组织纤溶酶原激活物水平无显著差异。与富含碳水化合物的饮食（NCEP-1）相比，食用富含MUFA的饮食导致PAI-1血浆活性（P<.005）和抗原性PAI-1（P<.04）均显著降低。在这些饮食中添加膳食胆固醇未产生任何显著的额外影响。胰岛素水平变化与PAI-1活性呈正相关（r=.425；P<.02）。总之，食用富含MUFA的饮食可降低PAI-1血浆活性，同时血浆胰岛素水平也会相应降低。
