Pérez-Jiménez F, Castro P, López-Miranda J, Paz-Rojas E, Blanco A, López-Segura F, Velasco F, Marín C, Fuentes F, Ordovás J M
Unidad de Lipidos y Arteriosclerosis, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, Córdoba, Spain.
Atherosclerosis. 1999 Aug;145(2):351-8. doi: 10.1016/s0021-9150(99)00116-1.
For the most part, the benefits of monounsaturated-rich diets (MUFA-diet) have been related to their action on plasma lipid levels. However other non-lipidic effects could also be involved in their protective effects. One of these involves the decrease in plasma levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1), the main inhibitor of fibrinolysis. Given that the PAI-1 is of endothelial origin, one hypothesis is that the MUFA-diet could protect against CHD by modulating some endothelial components.
Healthy male subjects (n = 25) received three different consecutive diets, each lasting 28 days: a low fat NCEP-I-diet, with 28% calories as fat, 10% saturated fat (SAT), 12% monounsaturated (MUFA) and 6% polyunsaturated (PUFA); a MUFA-diet, with 38% calories as fat, 10% SAT, 22% MUFA and 6% PUFA; and a SAT rich-diet (SAT-diet), with 38% calories as fat, 20% SAT, 12% MUFA and 6% PUFA. After each dietary period, the plasma lipid profile was determined, including total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, total triglyceride, apo A1, apo B plasma levels and conjugated diene formation, after incubation of LDL particles with Cu 5 microM/l. Endothelial products measured in plasma were von Willebrand factor (vWF), E-selectin, Thrombomodulin and Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor (TFPI) levels. We observed a decrease in vWF, PAI-1 and TFPI plasma levels and an increase in lag time of conjugated diene formation after the MUFA-diet. There was a positive correlation between the decreases in TFPI and vWF and the changes in total cholesterol, LDL-C, apo B plasma levels. The decrease in TFPI was negatively correlated with the increase in lag time of conjugated diene formation. PAI-1 plasma levels were positively correlated with total cholesterol, LDL-C and triglycerides and negatively correlated with HDL-C.
Consumption of a Mediterranean-type MUFA-diet produces a decrease in plasma levels of vWF, TFPI and PAI-1 plasma levels in young healthy males. Given that these substances are of endothelial origin, one could suggest that the MUFA of the diet has a beneficial effect on endothelial function resulting in protective changes against thrombogenesis.
在很大程度上，富含单不饱和脂肪酸的饮食（MUFA饮食）的益处与其对血脂水平的作用有关。然而，其他非脂质效应也可能参与其保护作用。其中之一涉及纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂1型（PAI-1）血浆水平的降低，PAI-1是纤维蛋白溶解的主要抑制剂。鉴于PAI-1源自内皮细胞，一种假设是MUFA饮食可通过调节某些内皮成分来预防冠心病。
健康男性受试者（n = 25）连续接受三种不同饮食，每种饮食持续28天：低脂NCEP-I饮食，脂肪供能占28%，饱和脂肪（SAT）占10%，单不饱和脂肪（MUFA）占12%，多不饱和脂肪（PUFA）占6%；MUFA饮食，脂肪供能占38%，SAT占10%，MUFA占22%，PUFA占6%；以及富含饱和脂肪的饮食（SAT饮食），脂肪供能占38%，SAT占20%，MUFA占12%，PUFA占6%。在每个饮食阶段结束后，测定血脂谱，包括总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、总甘油三酯、载脂蛋白A1、载脂蛋白B血浆水平以及将低密度脂蛋白颗粒与5微摩尔/升铜孵育后的共轭二烯形成情况。测定血浆中的内皮产物，即血管性血友病因子（vWF）、E选择素、血栓调节蛋白和组织因子途径抑制剂（TFPI）水平。我们观察到MUFA饮食后vWF、PAI-1和TFPI血浆水平降低，共轭二烯形成的延迟时间增加。TFPI和vWF的降低与总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、载脂蛋白B血浆水平的变化呈正相关。TFPI的降低与共轭二烯形成延迟时间的增加呈负相关。PAI-1血浆水平与总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和甘油三酯呈正相关，与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇呈负相关。
食用地中海式MUFA饮食可使年轻健康男性的vWF、TFPI和PAI-1血浆水平降低。鉴于这些物质源自内皮细胞，可以认为饮食中的MUFA对内皮功能具有有益作用，从而导致对血栓形成的保护性变化。
