Whitbourne S K, Culgin S, Cassidy E
Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts at Amherst 01003, USA.
Int J Aging Hum Dev. 1995;41(2):109-16. doi: 10.2190/J9XE-2GB6-H49G-MR7V.
Infantilization was investigated in a sample of thirty-five elderly adults, both community residents (N = 18) and residents of institutions (N = 17). Respondents were presented with materials designed to elicit ratings of adult and infantilized speech content and intonation on the dimensions of "likeability," "equality of treatment," and "degree of respect." Community and institutionalized elders rated adult speech in an equivalent fashion. However, community residents were more negative in their ratings of infantilizing speech content and intonation compared to their ratings of adult speech than were institutionalized elders. The negative regard that community elders had for infantilizing speech was particularly pronounced for intonation. Furthermore, community elders appeared particularly resentful of infantilizing speech intonation on the dimension of respect. There was no evidence to support the contention that infantilizing speech is high in nurturance. Adding to the findings of Ryan and co-workers, it appeared important to differentiate between infantilizing content and intonation, as the infantilizing intonation produced a more pronounced negative reaction than did infantilizing content among community elders.
在一个由35名老年人组成的样本中对婴儿化现象进行了调查，这些老年人既有社区居民（N = 18），也有机构中的居民（N = 17）。研究人员向受访者展示了一些材料，旨在引出他们对成人化和婴儿化言语内容及语调在“可爱程度”“待遇平等”和“尊重程度”等维度上的评分。社区和机构中的老年人对成人化言语的评分方式相当。然而，与机构中的老年人相比，社区居民对婴儿化言语内容和语调的评分比对成人化言语的评分更为负面。社区老年人对婴儿化言语的负面看法在语调方面尤为明显。此外，社区老年人在尊重维度上似乎对婴儿化言语语调特别不满。没有证据支持婴儿化言语具有高度 nurturance 的观点。在瑞安及其同事研究结果的基础上，区分婴儿化内容和语调显得很重要，因为在社区老年人中，婴儿化语调比婴儿化内容产生了更明显的负面反应。
