Gaul C A, Docherty D, Cicchini R
School of Physical Education, University of Victoria, Canada.
Int J Sports Med. 1995 Oct;16(7):451-5. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-973036.
The purpose of this study was to compare the anaerobic performance of 11-12 year old prepubescent boys (stage 1; n = 18) using a maximal effort 90 s cycling test to that of adult men (n = 19). Performance was separated into short-term anaerobic power (SAP; work in 10 s), intermediate-term anaerobic capacity (IAC; work in 30 s) and long-term anaerobic capacity (LAC; work in 90 s). Resistance on the Monark cycle ergometer was chosen as the highest tolerable load for the 90 s test and set at 2.6 and 3.8 J. rev-1.kg body mass-1 for boys and men, respectively. Power drop-off (%PD) was determined as the change in 5 s power outputs from 0-90 s. Blood lactates were measured at rest (pretest; BL) and at 2 (BL2) and 5 (BL5) min post test. Absolute and relative (to weight or thigh volume) scores for SAC, IAC and LAC were 33-40% lower in the boys compared to the men (p < 0.001). The men demonstrated significantly greater %PD over the 90 s (32.2%) compared to the 25.3% PD of the boys (p < 0.001), suggesting that the development of fatigue was greater in the men even though power and work outputs were high. Resting BL values were similar for both groups. Mean BL2 and BL5 were higher (p < 0.01) in the men (13.5, SD = 3.4; 12.5, SD = 2.8 mmol.l-1) than in the boys (9.1, SD = 1.7; 8.3, SD = 1.6 mmol.l-1). The anaerobic performance of the boys compared to the men cannot be completely explained by the lower resistance setting used. Although the boys were 50% lighter than the men, their resistance was 70% of that used for the men. The results do not support the contention that children and adults have similar abilities in short term, exhaustive work when corrected for size. Prepubescent boys appear to be limited in their ability to perform short-term as well as intermediate and long term anaerobic exercise compared to adult males.
本研究的目的是通过一项90秒全力骑行测试，比较11 - 12岁青春期前男孩（1期；n = 18）和成年男性（n = 19）的无氧运动表现。运动表现分为短期无氧功率（SAP；10秒内的功）、中期无氧能力（IAC；30秒内的功）和长期无氧能力（LAC；90秒内的功）。Monark自行车测力计上的阻力选为90秒测试中可耐受的最高负荷，男孩和男性分别设定为2.6和3.8焦耳·转 -1·千克体重 -1。功率下降百分比（%PD）定义为0至90秒内5秒功率输出的变化。在静息状态（测试前；BL）以及测试后2分钟（BL2）和5分钟（BL5）测量血乳酸。男孩的SAC、IAC和LAC的绝对和相对（相对于体重或大腿体积）得分比男性低33 - 40%（p < 0.001）。与男孩25.3%的功率下降相比，男性在90秒内表现出显著更大的功率下降（32.2%）（p < 0.001），这表明尽管功率和功输出较高，但男性的疲劳发展更大。两组的静息BL值相似。男性的平均BL2和BL5值（分别为13.5，标准差 = 3.4；12.5，标准差 = 2.8毫摩尔·升 -1）高于男孩（分别为9.1，标准差 = 1.7；8.3，标准差 = 1.6毫摩尔·升 -1）（p < 0.01）。男孩与男性相比的无氧运动表现不能完全由所使用的较低阻力设置来解释。尽管男孩比男性轻50%，但他们的阻力是男性所用阻力的70%。结果不支持这样的观点，即在校正体型后，儿童和成年人在短期力竭运动中具有相似的能力。与成年男性相比，青春期前男孩在进行短期以及中期和长期无氧运动方面的能力似乎受到限制。
