Witsell D L, Garrett C G, Yarbrough W G, Dorrestein S P, Drake A F, Weissler M C
Vanderbilt Voice and Balance Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
J Otolaryngol. 1995 Aug;24(4):230-3.
Oral antibiotic therapy can alter the gastrointestinal microflora and result in troublesome gastrointestinal complaints. Patients who have experience with broad-spectrum antibiotics may be reluctant to start or to comply with antibiotic therapy due to the associated discomfort. In the field of otolaryngology, oral antibiotic therapy is commonplace, and patient intolerance of a particular antibiotic may result in compromise to a less effective choice. Yogurt, which contains Lactobacillus acidophilus, is often recommended by practitioners to help reduce the side effects of oral antibiotic therapy. We wanted to objectively evaluate the effect of orally administered L. acidophilus on the gastrointestinal side effects of oral broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy. Twenty-seven outpatients, 10 years of age or older, with ear, sinus, or throat infections, in whom amoxicillin/clavulanate was felt to be the antibiotic of choice, were randomly assigned to amoxicillin/clavulanate only, or amoxicillin/clavulanate and Lactobacillus treatment groups. Each patient was advised by the nursing staff to consume a well-balanced diet, and a detailed explanation of the medication schedule was given. A questionnaire was given to each patient at the conclusion of therapy. The data were analyzed using Spearman's rank-order correlations. Concomitant therapy of L. acidophilus with amoxicillin/clavulanate was associated with a significant decrease in patient complaints of gastrointestinal side effects and yeast superinfection. Almost all patients (89%) reported resolution of infection during the course of therapy. We believe that use of L. acidophilus is warranted in patients on broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy with gastrointestinal complaints.
口服抗生素治疗会改变胃肠道微生物群，并导致令人困扰的胃肠道不适。有使用广谱抗生素经历的患者可能因相关不适而不愿开始或依从抗生素治疗。在耳鼻喉科领域，口服抗生素治疗很常见，患者对某种特定抗生素的不耐受可能导致选择效果较差的药物。含有嗜酸乳杆菌的酸奶常被医生推荐用于帮助减轻口服抗生素治疗的副作用。我们想客观评估口服嗜酸乳杆菌对口服广谱抗生素治疗胃肠道副作用的影响。27名10岁及以上患有耳部、鼻窦或咽喉感染的门诊患者，他们被认为适合选用阿莫西林/克拉维酸盐，被随机分配到仅接受阿莫西林/克拉维酸盐治疗组或阿莫西林/克拉维酸盐与嗜酸乳杆菌联合治疗组。护理人员建议每位患者保持均衡饮食，并详细解释用药方案。治疗结束时给每位患者发放一份问卷。数据采用斯皮尔曼等级相关分析。嗜酸乳杆菌与阿莫西林/克拉维酸盐联合治疗可显著减少患者胃肠道副作用和酵母菌二重感染的主诉。几乎所有患者（89%）在治疗过程中报告感染得到缓解。我们认为，对于有胃肠道不适的接受广谱抗生素治疗的患者，使用嗜酸乳杆菌是有必要的。
