Campagna D, Mergler D, Picot A, Sahuquillo J, Belanger S, Pleven C, Brun A, Leclerc-Marzin M P, Lamotte G, Huel G
Unité de Recherche en Epidémiologie, U169, INSERM, Villejuif.
Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique. 1995 Dec;43(6):519-32.
The relationship between organic solvent exposure and central nervous disorders make early detection of neurophysiologic et neuropsychologic alterations in organic solvent exposed workers a priority. Moreover, the variability in the frequency of exposure and the numerous organic solvents encountered in scientific laboratories render the environmental and biological measurements used in medical surveys almost impossible. The present study was undertaken to appreciate the potential neurotoxic effects of organic solvents handling in laboratory employees. Neurophysiological and neuropsychological tests batteries were used with each worker and data were adjusted for potential confounding factors (age and education level). A Principal Components Analysis were performed to reduce the information and the first five factors corresponded to: mood states, speed coding, contrast vision in high frequencies, manual dexterity and contrast vision in low frequencies. These five factors were compared between the daily manipulators of at least one solvent (n = 75) and the non or occasional solvent users (n = 35). The results from this study showed that subjects directly in contact with solvents had a poorer mood state than those who were not or rarely exposed (p < 0.01) and that independently of the "work activity". Mood state impairment in chronic solvent exposed workers has been shown by many authors, with or without psychomotor alteration, and may reflect possible over-exposure. Detection of this instability may lead to early neurophysiologic alteration in exposed workers and permit health services to intervene before the development of irreversible effects.
有机溶剂暴露与中枢神经紊乱之间的关系使得尽早检测有机溶剂暴露工人的神经生理和神经心理改变成为当务之急。此外,科学实验室中接触频率的变异性以及所遇到的众多有机溶剂使得医学调查中使用的环境和生物测量几乎无法进行。本研究旨在评估实验室工作人员接触有机溶剂的潜在神经毒性作用。对每名工人都使用了神经生理和神经心理测试组,并针对潜在混杂因素(年龄和教育水平)对数据进行了调整。进行了主成分分析以减少信息,前五个因素分别对应:情绪状态、编码速度、高频对比视觉、手部灵巧度和低频对比视觉。对至少接触一种溶剂的日常操作人员(n = 75)和不接触或偶尔接触溶剂的人员(n = 35)之间的这五个因素进行了比较。这项研究的结果表明,直接接触溶剂的受试者的情绪状态比未接触或很少接触溶剂的受试者更差(p < 0.01),且与“工作活动”无关。许多作者都表明,慢性接触溶剂的工人存在情绪状态受损的情况,无论是否伴有精神运动改变,这可能反映了可能的过度暴露。检测到这种不稳定性可能会导致暴露工人出现早期神经生理改变,并使卫生服务部门能够在不可逆转的影响发生之前进行干预。