de Bruijn W C, Boevé E R, van Run P R, van Miert P P, de Water R, Romijn J C, Verkoelen C F, Cao L C, Schröder F H
AEM-unit, Clin. Pathology Inst., Erasmus Univ. Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Scanning Microsc. 1995 Mar;9(1):103-14.
Crystal retention is studied in a rat-model system as a possible mechanism for the etiology of human nephrolithiasis. A crystal-inducing diet (CID) of ethylene glycol plus NH4Cl in their drinking-water is offered to healthy rats to generate intratubular crystals. Subsequently, the fate of retained crystals is investigated by allowing the rats a tissue recovery/crystalluria phase for three, five and ten days, respectively, on normal drinking water. The process of exotubulosis is observed in cortex and medulla of aldehyde-fixed kidneys after three days recovery. After five days, crystals are predominantly seen there in the interstitium. After ten days, cortex and medulla are virtually free of crystals. However, in the papillary regions after five and ten days recovery, three types of calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) crystals are present: (1) free in the calycine space, (2) sub-epithelially located surrounded by interstitial cells within, and (3) covered by macrophage-like cells, outside the original papillary surface. After a CID plus three days recovery, a further thirty-seven days extra oxalate challenge with solely 0.3 vol% ethylene glycol induced intratubular and interstitial oxalate crystals. In the papillary region, large sub-epithelial crystals are seen. However, no crystals are seen in kidneys from rats given solely (0.5 or 0.8 vol.%) ethylene glycol for thirty days. An oxalate re-challenge retards crystal removal.
在大鼠模型系统中研究晶体潴留情况，将其作为人类肾结石病因的一种可能机制。向健康大鼠提供含乙二醇加氯化铵的晶体诱导饮食（CID），让其饮用，以产生肾小管内晶体。随后，分别让大鼠在正常饮用水中经历组织恢复/晶体尿阶段3天、5天和10天，以此研究潴留晶体的转归。恢复3天后，在醛固定肾脏的皮质和髓质中观察到肾小管外突出过程。5天后，晶体主要见于间质。10天后，皮质和髓质基本无晶体。然而，在恢复5天和10天后的乳头区域，存在三种类型的一水草酸钙（COM）晶体：（1）在肾盏间隙游离；（2）位于上皮下，周围有间质细胞；（3）在原始乳头表面外，被巨噬细胞样细胞覆盖。在CID加3天恢复后，仅用0.3体积%乙二醇进行额外37天的草酸盐激发，诱导出肾小管内和间质草酸盐晶体。在乳头区域，可见大的上皮下晶体。然而，仅给予（0.5或0.8体积%）乙二醇30天的大鼠肾脏中未见晶体。草酸盐再激发会延迟晶体清除。
