Oddy W H, Holman C D, Corti B, Donovan R J
Department of Public Health, University of Western Australia, Australia.
Int J Epidemiol. 1995 Oct;24(5):1013-21. doi: 10.1093/ije/24.5.1013.
The paper is concerned with the use of epidemiological methods to measure the rates at which different strata of a defined population participate in community health promotion projects. The specific aim was to estimate the incidence rates of participation in projects sponsored by the Western Australian Health Promotion Foundation (Healthway), separately for sociodemographic and health-related behavioural subgroups.
Data were drawn from Healthway sponsorship projects in 1992. Each sport, arts and racing project was associated with promotion of a health message and creation of a health promoting environment. The study used a two-stage sampling design. Thirteen of 57 large sponsorship projects and 30 of 129 small projects were selected. In the second stage, respondents were randomly surveyed from among project participants. A total of 4060 respondents aged > or = 10 years was sampled from the 43 selected projects. Population-based incident participants were estimated and were related to person-years at risk.
The total participation rate was 4.01 per person-year. The rate was very high at ages 10-14 years and thereafter declined with increasing age. Compared with the least socially disadvantaged 25% of population, the participation rate fell by around one-third in the medium and high disadvantage groups, but exceeded the baseline by a ratio of 1.85 (95% confidence interval: 1.57-2.18) in the most disadvantaged 10% of population. The effect was most pronounced at ages 10-19 years. Participation was higher in those who smoked, drank alcohol unsafely, reported sunburn and reported low consumption of fruit and vegetables. However, participation was reduced in people who were sedentary.
Epidemiological methods can be used to evaluate the distribution of participation of a population in community health promotion projects. The Western Australian Health Promotion Foundation has been successful in reaching disadvantaged youth.
本文关注运用流行病学方法来衡量特定人群不同阶层参与社区健康促进项目的比率。具体目标是分别针对社会人口统计学和健康相关行为亚组，估算西澳大利亚健康促进基金会（健康之路）赞助项目的参与发病率。
数据取自1992年健康之路的赞助项目。每个体育、艺术和赛车项目都与健康信息推广及健康促进环境的营造相关。该研究采用两阶段抽样设计。从57个大型赞助项目中选取了13个，从129个小型项目中选取了30个。在第二阶段，从项目参与者中随机抽取受访者。从43个选定项目中总共抽取了4060名年龄≥10岁的受访者。估算了基于人群的发病参与者，并将其与风险人年相关联。
总参与率为每人每年4.01。该比率在10 - 14岁时非常高，此后随年龄增长而下降。与社会劣势程度最低的25%人群相比，中等和高劣势群体的参与率下降了约三分之一，但在最劣势的10%人群中，参与率比基线高出1.85倍（95%置信区间：1.57 - 2.18）。这种影响在10 - 19岁时最为明显。吸烟、不安全饮酒、有晒伤报告以及水果和蔬菜摄入量低的人群参与度更高。然而，久坐不动的人群参与度较低。
流行病学方法可用于评估人群参与社区健康促进项目的分布情况。西澳大利亚健康促进基金会在接触弱势青年方面取得了成功。
