Sharma R K, Tolentino M V, Thomas A J, Agarwal A
Department of Urology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Ohio 44195, USA.
J Urol. 1996 Feb;155(2):568-73.
Poor sperm motility after cryopreservation is associated with infertility. For any pharmacological stimulation to be of clinical value, its effect in enhancing motility and other motion characteristics should be maintained for at least 1 hour.
Three motility stimulants (pentoxifylline, caffeine and 2-deoxyadenosine) were incubated with post-thaw semen samples from 11 healthy donors for 0, 30, 60, 120 and 180 minutes. The final concentrations used were 2.5 mM., 5 mM. and 10 mM. for pentoxifylline; 1 mM., 2 mM. and 5 mM. for caffeine, and 0.5 mM., 1 mM. and 2.5 mM. for 2-deoxyadenosine. Percent motility and changes in motion characteristics were measured on a computer assisted semen analyzer.
Compared to controls (0 minutes, no stimulant), an immediate increase in motility and other motion parameters was noted with all 3 stimulants. All stimulants caused a significant increase in percentage motility at all periods studied (p < 0.01). Similarly, pentoxifylline increased other motion parameters at the 2.5 mM. concentration (p < 0.01), caffeine was effective in increasing curvilinear velocity, average path velocity and amplitude of lateral head displacement (p < 0.01) at 5 mM., and 1 and 2.5 mM. of 2-deoxyadenosine increased the curvilinear velocity, straight line velocity, average path velocity and amplitude of lateral head displacement (p < 0.01). Among all stimulants only 2-deoxyadenosine increased linearity only at the 1 mM. concentration.
Our study suggests that these stimulants, when used at optimum concentrations, can maintain the improved sperm quality for durations longer than the minimum needed for fertilization. This finding may be significant in improving the poor semen quality observed after cryopreservation in oligospermic samples and in semen specimens from cancer patients.
冷冻保存后精子活力差与不育有关。任何具有临床价值的药物刺激，其增强精子活力和其他运动特征的效果应至少维持1小时。
将三种活力刺激剂（己酮可可碱、咖啡因和2-脱氧腺苷）与11名健康供体的解冻后精液样本分别孵育0、30、60、120和180分钟。己酮可可碱使用的终浓度为2.5 mM、5 mM和10 mM；咖啡因为1 mM、2 mM和5 mM；2-脱氧腺苷为0.5 mM、1 mM和2.5 mM。使用计算机辅助精液分析仪测量精子活力百分比和运动特征的变化。
与对照组（0分钟，未使用刺激剂）相比，所有三种刺激剂均使精子活力和其他运动参数立即增加。在所有研究时间段，所有刺激剂均使精子活力百分比显著增加（p < 0.01）。同样，己酮可可碱在2.5 mM浓度时增加了其他运动参数（p < 0.01），咖啡因在5 mM时可有效增加曲线速度、平均路径速度和头部侧向位移幅度（p < 0.01），1 mM和2.5 mM的2-脱氧腺苷增加了曲线速度、直线速度、平均路径速度和头部侧向位移幅度（p < 0.01）。在所有刺激剂中，只有2-脱氧腺苷在1 mM浓度时仅增加了线性度。
我们的研究表明，这些刺激剂在最佳浓度下使用时，可将改善后的精子质量维持的时间长于受精所需的最短时间。这一发现对于改善少精子症样本和癌症患者精液标本冷冻保存后观察到的精液质量差可能具有重要意义。
