Hanke W, Kalinka J, Szymczak W
Zakładu Epidemiologii Instytutu Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra med. Jerzego Nofera w Lodzi.
Med Pr. 1995;46(5):433-42.
Clinical and control examinations were performed in order to assess the effect of certain demographic, social and occupational factors on a relative risk for fetus hypotrophia and preterm birth. Two groups of cases were distinguished: mothers of hypotrophic children (72 women) and mothers of eutrophic premature babies (41 women). The control group was composed of women who had given birth to eutrophic babies (438 persons). An analysis of individual variables indicated the following risk factors for preterm birth: mother's age over 35 years, unmarried status of mothers, a low level of education; while unmarried status increased the risk for fetus hypotrophia. Only a half of women under study worked when pregnant, and no relationship between working during pregnancy and increased risk for the pathologies discussed, were found. An aggravated risk for preterm birth in women overloaded with housekeeping duties was noted. This observation applied, in particular, to women who had not been working occupationally during pregnancy. Bearing in mind a multifactorial etiology of fetus hypotrophia and preterm birth, in the authors' opinion it would be useful to analyse an unrelated effect of individual risk factors with concomitant control of confounding factors.
为评估某些人口统计学、社会和职业因素对胎儿发育迟缓及早产相对风险的影响，进行了临床检查和对照检查。区分出两组病例：发育迟缓儿童的母亲（72名女性）和营养良好的早产婴儿的母亲（41名女性）。对照组由生育了营养良好婴儿的女性组成（438人）。对个体变量的分析表明，早产的风险因素如下：母亲年龄超过35岁、母亲未婚、教育程度低；而未婚状态会增加胎儿发育迟缓的风险。研究中只有一半的女性在怀孕时工作，且未发现孕期工作与所讨论的病症风险增加之间存在关联。注意到家务负担过重的女性早产风险加剧。这一观察结果尤其适用于孕期未从事职业工作的女性。考虑到胎儿发育迟缓和早产的多因素病因，作者认为分析个体风险因素的独立作用并同时控制混杂因素会很有用。
