Roberts S M
Department of Psychology, University of Maine, Orono 04469-5742, USA.
Psychol Rep. 1995 Dec;77(3 Pt 1):943-54. doi: 10.2466/pr0.1995.77.3.943.
This study examined the applicability of Lazarus and Folkman's (1984) goodness-of-fit hypothesis to the relationship between college students' daily hassles and psychological symptomology. Specifically, the model predicts that, given a daily hassle which one may change, it is more functional to alter the source of the daily hassle than it is to let the stressor go unchecked and simply try to manage the negative emotions produced by the event. Conversely, given a stressor one cannot alter, it is more functional to regulate the emotions produced by the event than to engage in repeated futile attempts to change an uncontrollable stressor. It was predicted that subjects who tended to violate these principles across multiple daily hassles would be characterized by the highest psychological symptomology. Although the 69 college students' frequency of daily hassles was positively associated with psychological symptomatology and students tended to match the method of coping with the appraised controllability of their daily hassles, no support for the goodness-of-fit hypothesis was found.
本研究考察了拉扎勒斯和福克曼（1984）的匹配度假设在大学生日常烦恼与心理症状关系中的适用性。具体而言，该模型预测，对于一个人可以改变的日常烦恼，改变日常烦恼的源头比任由压力源不受控制并仅仅试图应对该事件产生的负面情绪更具功能性。相反，对于一个无法改变的压力源，调节该事件产生的情绪比反复徒劳地试图改变一个无法控制的压力源更具功能性。研究预测，在多个日常烦恼中倾向于违反这些原则的受试者将表现出最高的心理症状。尽管69名大学生的日常烦恼频率与心理症状呈正相关，且学生们倾向于根据对日常烦恼可评估的可控性来匹配应对方法，但未发现对匹配度假设的支持。
