Berkowitz G S, Papiernik E
Department of Obstetrics, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA.
Semin Perinatol. 1995 Aug;19(4):272-8. doi: 10.1016/s0146-0005(05)80041-2.
The review of the scientific literature on the role of employment-related physical activity suggests that prolonged standing and long working hours may increase the risk of preterm delivery. Although maternity legislation in many European countries has regulated work schedules and working conditions for pregnant women, none of the European countries except for France seems to have experienced a reduction in preterm rates. France has had both a comprehensive maternity legislation and a national program specifically aimed to reduce preterm birth. Despite the lack of reduction in preterm rates, paid maternity leave, guaranteed job protection, and regulation of hazardous working conditions remain a desirable societal goal for any industrialized nation.
关于与就业相关的身体活动作用的科学文献综述表明，长时间站立和长时间工作可能会增加早产风险。尽管许多欧洲国家的产假立法对孕妇的工作时间表和工作条件进行了规范，但除法国外，似乎没有一个欧洲国家的早产率有所下降。法国既有全面的产假立法，又有专门旨在降低早产率的国家计划。尽管早产率没有下降，但带薪产假、有保障的工作保护以及对危险工作条件的规范仍然是任何工业化国家期望实现的社会目标。
