Alon E, Kocian R, Nett P C, Koechli O R, Baettig U, Grimaudo V
Department of Anesthesiology, Zurich University Hospital, Switzerland.
Anesth Analg. 1996 Feb;82(2):338-41. doi: 10.1097/00000539-199602000-00022.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of tropisetron, a selective 5-hydroxytryptamine type 3 (5-HT3) receptor antagonist, versus placebo in the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing general anesthesia for gynecologic surgery. Ten minutes before induction of general anesthesia, 80 patients received in a double-blind manner a single intravenous (IV) injection of either 5 mg tropisetron or a matching placebo. Anesthesia was induced with thiopental and maintained with nitrous oxide and enflurane in oxygen. In the first 24 h postoperatively 7 of 40 patients (17.5%) given tropisetron and 16 of 40 patients (40%) receiving placebo vomited (P < 0.05). The incidence of nausea was 30% (12/40) in the tropisetron group and 52% (21/40) in the placebo group (P < 0.05). A total effective antiemetic response showed 26 patients (65%) in the tropisetron group and 16 patients (40%) in the placebo group (P < 0.05). We conclude that tropisetron given IV prior to gynecologic procedures in general anesthesia significantly reduces postoperative nausea and vomiting when compared to placebo without causing any adverse effect.
本研究旨在评估选择性5-羟色胺3型（5-HT3）受体拮抗剂托烷司琼与安慰剂相比，在预防接受妇科手术全身麻醉患者术后恶心和呕吐方面的疗效。在全身麻醉诱导前10分钟，80例患者以双盲方式接受5毫克托烷司琼或匹配安慰剂的单次静脉注射。麻醉诱导采用硫喷妥钠，维持采用氧化亚氮和氧气中的恩氟烷。术后首24小时内，接受托烷司琼的40例患者中有7例（17.5%）呕吐，接受安慰剂的40例患者中有16例（40%）呕吐（P<0.05）。托烷司琼组恶心发生率为30%（12/40），安慰剂组为52%（21/40）（P<0.05）。总有效抗呕吐反应显示，托烷司琼组有26例患者（65%），安慰剂组有16例患者（40%）（P<0.05）。我们得出结论，在全身麻醉下进行妇科手术前静脉注射托烷司琼，与安慰剂相比，可显著降低术后恶心和呕吐，且未引起任何不良反应。
