Ali-Melkkilä T, Kanto J, Katevuo R
Department of Anaesthesiology, University Hospital of Turku, Finland.
Anaesthesia. 1996 Mar;51(3):232-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2044.1996.tb13639.x.
One hundred and twenty patients undergoing elective ophthalmic surgery under general anaesthesia were investigated in a randomised, double-blind, parallel group study of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Patients received tropisetron 0.1 mg.kg-1, metoclopramide 0.25 mg.kg-1 or placebo given at the end of anaesthesia. In comparison with placebo, tropisetron significantly reduced the degree of nausea (p < 0.01), whereas metoclopramide reduced both nausea (p < 0.05) and vomiting (p < 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences between the two active agents in their efficacy to postoperative nausea and vomiting. The patients in the placebo group required rescue antiemesis more often in the postanaesthesia care unit. Our results suggest that tropisetron may not be suitable as a routine, primary therapy for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting.
在一项关于术后恶心和呕吐的随机、双盲、平行组研究中，对120例接受全身麻醉下择期眼科手术的患者进行了调查。患者在麻醉结束时接受了0.1mg/kg的托烷司琼、0.25mg/kg的甲氧氯普胺或安慰剂。与安慰剂相比，托烷司琼显著降低了恶心程度（p<0.01），而甲氧氯普胺则同时降低了恶心（p<0.05）和呕吐（p<0.05）程度。两种活性药物在预防术后恶心和呕吐的疗效上无统计学显著差异。安慰剂组的患者在麻醉后护理单元更常需要使用急救止吐药。我们的结果表明，托烷司琼可能不适合作为预防术后恶心和呕吐的常规一线治疗药物。
