Tosti A, Vincenzi C, Trevisi P, Guerra L
Department of Dermatology, University of Bologna, Italy.
Contact Dermatitis. 1995 Sep;33(3):193-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0536.1995.tb00544.x.
The aim of this study was to verify the most suitable vehicle and concentration for testing Euxyl K 400 and its individual ingredients, and to evaluate the prevalence of sensitization to this preservative over the years in Italy. From January 1991 to October 1994, Euxyl K 2.5% pet. was positive in 99 patients (35 male, 64 female) out of 3455 (2.8%). Of these, 22 out of 855 patients had a positive reaction during 1991 (2.6%), 29 out of 1037 in 1992 (2.8%), 28 out of 858 in 1993 (3.3%), and 20 out of 705 in 1994 (2.8%). 51 of the 99 patients with a reaction to Euxyl K 400 2.5% pet. showed a positive reaction to dibromodicyanobutane 0.5% pet. and 2 to phenoxyethanol 5% pet. The results of patch testing with serial dilutions of Euxyl K 400 in different vehicles indicate that water is a good vehicle for testing the preservative. However, since Euxyl K 400 is only hydrosoluble to a limited extent, the maximum concentration that can be tested using water is 0.5%, and so with this concentration about 40% of sensitized patients are missed. The results of patch testing with serial dilutions of Euxyl K 400 in petrolatum demonstrate that concentrations lower than 2.5% are not suitable for detection of all sensitized patients. Euxyl K 400 in ethanol frequently causes irritant reactions without offering significant advantages in detecting sensitized patients.
本研究的目的是验证用于测试Euxyl K 400及其单个成分的最合适载体和浓度，并评估意大利多年来对该防腐剂的致敏率。1991年1月至1994年10月，在3455名患者中，有99名患者（35名男性，64名女性）对2.5% 凡士林制剂的Euxyl K呈阳性反应（2.8%）。其中，855名患者中有22名在1991年出现阳性反应（2.6%），1037名患者中有29名在1992年出现阳性反应（2.8%），858名患者中有28名在1993年出现阳性反应（3.3%），705名患者中有20名在1994年出现阳性反应（2.8%）。99名对2.5% 凡士林制剂的Euxyl K有反应的患者中，51名对0.5% 凡士林制剂的二溴二氰基丁烷呈阳性反应，2名对5% 凡士林制剂的苯氧乙醇呈阳性反应。用不同载体的Euxyl K 400系列稀释液进行斑贴试验的结果表明，水是测试该防腐剂的良好载体。然而，由于Euxyl K 400仅在有限程度上可水溶，用水可测试的最大浓度为0.5%，因此使用该浓度会遗漏约40% 的致敏患者。用凡士林制剂的Euxyl K 400系列稀释液进行斑贴试验的结果表明，低于2.5% 的浓度不适合检测所有致敏患者。乙醇中的Euxyl K 400经常引起刺激反应，在检测致敏患者方面没有显著优势。
