Takayasu T, Ohshima T, Tanaka N, Maeda H, Kondo T, Nishigami J, Ohtsuji M, Nagano T
Department of Legal Medicine, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Japan.
Forensic Sci Int. 1995 Dec 29;76(3):179-88. doi: 10.1016/0379-0738(95)01820-4.
In an investigation of postmortem ethanol diffusion deuterium-labeled ethanol-d6 was instilled by peroral gavage immediately after death by CO into the stomach of rat carcasses which were subsequently kept for 12-72 h at 5 or 30 degrees C. The heart blood, abdominal fluid and several tissues were collected and analyzed by head space gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Rat carcasses showed no macroscopic changes until at least 72 h at 5 degrees C, and 12 h at 30 degrees C. At 30 degrees C, slight macroscopic change was observed after 24 h, moderate change after 48 h and marked change after 72 h. In the abdomen ethanol-d6 diffused gradually into neighboring organs (hepatic left lobe, left kidney and spleen) at 5 degrees C, with ethanol-d6 reaching a peak concentration of 0.75-2.38 mg/g at 24 h. At 30 degrees C, ethanol-d6 was also detected in neighboring organs and reached a peak concentration of 1.06-2.61 mg/g at 12 h. Thereafter, the ethanol-d6 concentration in the liver, kidney and spleen decreased, with concentrations ranging from 0.30 to 0.61 mg/g at 30 degrees C and 0.05 to 1.47 mg/g at 5 degrees C at 48 h. In the femoral skeletal muscle, ethanol-d6 was not detected until 24 h or more storage at 30 degrees C and never detected at 5 degrees C. In the brain and the organs in the thoracic cavity ethanol-d6 was detected after 12 h or more at 5 or 30 degrees C. Comparison of these results of direct peroral gastric instillation with those when ethanol-d6 was injected into the stomach through a laparotomy incision suggest that the brain and thoracic cavity changes were a result of diffusion from the mouth and esophagus. After 24 h at 30 degrees C, the postmortem ethanol production (0.33-0.85 mg/g) was comparable to those in previous reports. These results indicate that the assessment of ethanol concentration in the heart blood and organs in autopsy cases must be carefully conducted in comparison with the alcohol content of the stomach.
在一项关于死后乙醇扩散的研究中，大鼠死后立即经口灌胃向其尸体胃内注入氘标记的乙醇-d6，随后将尸体在5℃或30℃下保存12至72小时。收集心脏血液、腹腔液和几种组织，并通过顶空气相色谱-质谱联用仪进行分析。大鼠尸体在5℃下至少72小时、30℃下12小时内未出现肉眼可见的变化。在30℃时，24小时后观察到轻微的肉眼可见变化，48小时后为中度变化，72小时后为明显变化。在腹部，乙醇-d6在5℃下逐渐扩散到邻近器官（肝左叶、左肾和脾脏），乙醇-d6在24小时时达到峰值浓度0.75至2.38毫克/克。在30℃时，邻近器官中也检测到乙醇-d6，在12小时时达到峰值浓度1.06至2.61毫克/克。此后，肝脏、肾脏和脾脏中的乙醇-d6浓度下降，48小时时在30℃下浓度范围为0.30至0.61毫克/克，在5℃下为0.05至1.47毫克/克。在股部骨骼肌中，直到在30℃下保存24小时或更长时间才检测到乙醇-d6，在5℃下从未检测到。在5℃或30℃下，12小时或更长时间后在大脑和胸腔器官中检测到乙醇-d6。将这些经口直接胃内灌胃的结果与通过剖腹切口将乙醇-d6注入胃内的结果进行比较表明，大脑和胸腔的变化是由口腔和食管扩散所致。在30℃下24小时后，死后乙醇生成量（0.33至0.85毫克/克）与先前报道的相当。这些结果表明，在尸检病例中评估心脏血液和器官中的乙醇浓度时，必须与胃中的酒精含量仔细进行比较。
