O'Keeffe S T
Department of Geriatric Medicine, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, England.
Arch Intern Med. 1996 Feb 12;156(3):243-8.
Restless legs syndrome is characterized by unpleasant, deep-seated paresthesias in the legs and sometimes the arms. These sensations occur at rest and are relieved by movement. Sleep disturbance is common. Many patients also have periodic movements of sleep. Mild symptoms of restless legs occur in up to 5% of the population. Restless legs syndrome is idiopathic in most patients, but it may be the presenting feature of iron deficiency and is also common in uremia, pregnancy, diabetes mellitus, rheumatoid arthritis, and polyneuropathy. Treatment of the underlying cause, when possible, usually relieves the symptoms. For patients with severe symptoms, levodopa, bromocriptine mesylate, opioids, carbamazepine, clonazepam, and clonidine hydrochloride have proved to be effective.
不宁腿综合征的特征是腿部（有时是手臂）出现令人不适的深部感觉异常。这些感觉在休息时出现，活动后可缓解。睡眠障碍很常见。许多患者还会出现睡眠周期性运动。高达5%的人群会出现轻度不宁腿症状。大多数患者的不宁腿综合征是特发性的，但它可能是缺铁的首发症状，在尿毒症、妊娠、糖尿病、类风湿关节炎和多发性神经病中也很常见。如有可能，治疗潜在病因通常可缓解症状。对于症状严重的患者，左旋多巴、甲磺酸溴隐亭、阿片类药物、卡马西平、氯硝西泮和盐酸可乐定已被证明有效。
