Hong W K, Lippman S M
Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030, USA.
J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr. 1995(17):49-53.
A new direction for cancer prevention and control is chemoprevention, defined as the use of specific natural and synthetic chemical agents to reverse or suppress carcinogenesis and prevent the development of invasive cancer. The chemopreventive approach depends on the ability of certain chemical agents to block mutagenesis and control cellular differentiation and proliferation in epithelial tissues. Support for the chemopreventive approach is based on the biologic concepts of field cancerization and multistep carcinogenesis, as well as the clinical efficacy already shown by agents such as retinoids and tamoxifen in reversing premalignancy and preventing second primary tumors. Although chemoprevention is not yet established as a standard therapy, the results of reported trials are very promising and have raised tremendous interest in this strategy for cancer prevention. The development of more effective, less toxic chemopreventive agents remains a high priority in furthering the use of this clinically valuable approach to the prevention and control of cancer.
癌症预防与控制的一个新方向是化学预防，它被定义为使用特定的天然和合成化学制剂来逆转或抑制致癌作用，并预防浸润性癌症的发生。化学预防方法依赖于某些化学制剂阻断诱变以及控制上皮组织中细胞分化和增殖的能力。对化学预防方法的支持基于场癌化和多步骤致癌的生物学概念，以及诸如维甲酸和他莫昔芬等制剂在逆转癌前病变和预防第二原发性肿瘤方面已显示出的临床疗效。尽管化学预防尚未成为标准疗法，但已报道试验的结果非常有前景，并引发了对这种癌症预防策略的极大兴趣。开发更有效、毒性更小的化学预防剂仍然是进一步推动使用这种对癌症预防和控制具有临床价值的方法的高度优先事项。
