Sipinen S A, Kulvik M, Leiniö M, Viljanen A, Lindholm H
Research Institute of Military Medicine, Helsinki, Finland.
Undersea Hyperb Med. 1995 Dec;22(4):401-6.
Allergic rhinitis and mild respiratory infections have been widely accepted as temporary contraindications for fitness to dive. Nonetheless, several sport and professional divers use antihistamines to ease ear, nose, and throat (ENT) problems, especially for opening tubal ostium. Some divers know they are unfit to dive, but for a variety of reasons (e.g., money or short holiday) they try to clear their ears. Thus, the use of antihistaminic drugs (like clemastine fumarate) is common during diving. This double-blind, crossover study indicates that this special antihistamine does not increase the sedative effects of nitrogen narcosis, nor does it increase the level of cardiac arrhythmias. Liberal use of antihistamines while diving cannot be recommended because of possible complications connected with different preparations and the temporary limitations they impose on the diver.
变应性鼻炎和轻度呼吸道感染已被广泛视为潜水适宜性的临时禁忌症。尽管如此，一些从事运动的潜水者和职业潜水员使用抗组胺药来缓解耳、鼻和咽喉（ENT）问题，特别是用于打开咽鼓管开口。一些潜水者知道自己不适宜潜水，但出于各种原因（如金钱或假期短暂），他们试图清理耳朵。因此，在潜水期间使用抗组胺药物（如富马酸氯马斯汀）很常见。这项双盲交叉研究表明，这种特殊的抗组胺药不会增加氮麻醉的镇静作用，也不会增加心律失常的发生率。由于不同制剂可能存在的并发症以及它们给潜水者带来的临时限制，不建议在潜水时随意使用抗组胺药。
