Smith T M, Winters F D
Garden City Hospital, Livonia, Mich 48250-3432, USA.
J Am Osteopath Assoc. 1995 Nov;95(11):655-6, 661-2.
Although cigarette smoking is a declining trend in the United States, the amount of cigarettes consumed by the American public is the same today as in 1964. The role of cigarette smoking in many disease processes is publicly well known, and smoking cessation has been proved to reduce risk for some diseases, but the various methods of cessation are often met with a high rate of treatment failure or relapse. In this study, the short-term efficacy of nicotine-replacement therapy by way of the transdermal patch system was evaluated in 110 patients in a family practice setting. Patches were tapered from 21 mg of nicotine to 14 mg to 7 mg, each for 30 days. Subjects wore one patch for every 24 hours and were instructed not to smoke. Telephone follow-up was used at 2 to 3 weeks to check smoking status and inquire for side effects, and further follow-up of those who had completed the 3-month program was initiated 6 months after the program began. Nineteen patients never filled the prescription, and six were lost to follow-up. Of the 85 who finished the program, 35% were still not smoking at 6 months after the study began. The other 65% had relapsed. Side effects were mild and were mainly related to skin irritation at the patch site and abnormal dreams. Combinations of this cessation method with physician counseling and other behavioral methods should improve the success rate of this encouraging treatment.
尽管在美国吸烟呈下降趋势，但如今美国公众的香烟消费量与1964年相同。吸烟在许多疾病进程中的作用已广为人知，而且戒烟已被证明可降低某些疾病的风险，但各种戒烟方法往往治疗失败率或复发率很高。在本研究中，在一个家庭医疗环境中对110名患者评估了经皮贴片系统尼古丁替代疗法的短期疗效。贴片的尼古丁含量从21毫克逐渐减至14毫克再到7毫克，每个阶段持续30天。受试者每24小时贴一片，并被指示不要吸烟。在2至3周时通过电话随访检查吸烟状况并询问副作用，对完成3个月疗程的患者在疗程开始6个月后进行进一步随访。19名患者从未取药，6名失访。在完成疗程的85名患者中，研究开始6个月后35%仍未吸烟。另外65%复发。副作用较轻，主要与贴片部位的皮肤刺激和异常梦境有关。这种戒烟方法与医生咨询及其他行为方法相结合应能提高这种令人鼓舞的治疗的成功率。
