Lang C J
Neurological Hospital, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Federal Republic of Germany.
J Neural Transm Gen Sect. 1995;99(1-3):131-43. doi: 10.1007/BF01271474.
Structural neuroimaging and dementia are conceptually different being only loosely correlated. Computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging can never "prove" a clinical syndrome such as dementia, but yield clues as to its cause and the site and extent of pathological changes. Conversely, the type and degree of intellectual deterioration can hardly predict neuroradiological findings. The value of structural neuroimaging lies in detecting or excluding possible causes of dementia and quantifying linear or volumetric parameters of tissue and fluid volume. If based on a presumed or established etiology, however, specific neuropsychological and dementia syndromes may correspond to focal pathological changes seen in well-defined cerebral areas as recent investigations have shown with hippocampal atrophy in Alzheimer's dementia.
结构性神经影像学与痴呆在概念上有所不同，只是存在松散的关联。计算机断层扫描或磁共振成像永远无法“证实”痴呆等临床综合征，但能提供有关其病因以及病理变化部位和范围的线索。相反，智力衰退的类型和程度很难预测神经放射学检查结果。结构性神经影像学的价值在于检测或排除痴呆的可能病因，并对组织和液体量的线性或体积参数进行量化。然而，正如最近的研究所显示的阿尔茨海默病性痴呆中的海马萎缩那样，如果基于推测的或已确定的病因，特定的神经心理学和痴呆综合征可能与明确脑区中所见的局灶性病理变化相对应。
