Irshad M, Acharya S K
Department of Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Intervirology. 1994;37(6):369-72. doi: 10.1159/000150404.
The present study describes the frequency of hepatitis viral markers in patients with uncomplicated acute viral hepatitis (AVH; n = 32) and in patients with severe liver diseases, including those with fulminant hepatic failure (FHF; n = 110), subacute hepatic failure (SAHF; n = 65), and chronic active hepatitis (CAH; n = 33). The results indicate that hepatitis A virus infection is quite rare, whereas hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections are the predominant causes of acute and chronic liver failure in India. The incidence of HBV infection in AVH, FHF, SAHF, and CAH groups was recorded in 3.7, 19.1, 23.1, and 69.7% of the cases, respectively. Similarly, HCV infection in these four groups was noted in 12.5, 45, 44.6, and 48.5% of the cases, respectively. Further analysis of HCV infection demonstrated that it was as frequent as single infection in acute cases, but more commonly found in association with HBV infection in chronic liver failure cases. Hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection, as indicated by the presence of IgM anti-HDV antibodies, was recorded in 7.3% of the cases with AVH, in 7.3% of the cases with FHF, in 9.2% of the cases with SAHF, and in 6.1% of the cases with CAH. HDV was associated with HBV both as superinfection as well as coinfection. Interestingly, nearly 2-6% of the cases in each group showed the presence of simultaneous HBV, HCV, and HDV infection. 83.3% of the AVH, 42.1% of the FHF, 37.0% of the SAHF, and 15.1% of the CAH patients had unknown viral markers.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
本研究描述了单纯性急性病毒性肝炎（AVH；n = 32）患者以及患有严重肝脏疾病的患者，包括暴发性肝衰竭（FHF；n = 110）、亚急性肝衰竭（SAHF；n = 65）和慢性活动性肝炎（CAH；n = 33）患者中肝炎病毒标志物的出现频率。结果表明，甲型肝炎病毒感染相当罕见，而乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）和丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）感染是印度急性和慢性肝衰竭的主要原因。AVH、FHF、SAHF和CAH组中HBV感染的发生率分别在3.7%、19.1%、23.1%和69.7%的病例中被记录。同样，这四组中HCV感染分别在12.5%、45%、44.6%和48.5%的病例中被发现。对HCV感染的进一步分析表明，在急性病例中它与单一感染的频率相同，但在慢性肝衰竭病例中更常与HBV感染同时出现。通过IgM抗HDV抗体的存在表明，丁型肝炎病毒（HDV）感染在7.3%的AVH病例、7.3%的FHF病例、9.2%的SAHF病例和6.1%的CAH病例中被记录。HDV与HBV既存在重叠感染也存在同时感染。有趣的是，每组中近2 - 6%的病例显示同时存在HBV、HCV和HDV感染。83.3%的AVH患者、42.1%的FHF患者、37.0%的SAHF患者和15.1%的CAH患者有未知的病毒标志物。（摘要截选至250字）
