Ismail M
Antivenom and Vaccine Production Center, King Fahad National Guard Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Toxicon. 1995 Jul;33(7):825-58. doi: 10.1016/0041-0101(95)00005-7.
The pathophysiology of the scorpion envenoming syndrome is reviewed with emphasis on the body systems commonly affected. Concepts of the mechanisms underlying venom action, as can be explained by the recently discovered effects on ionic channels, are discussed. The results of clinical analysis of cases of scorpion sting victims and animal experiments with scorpion envenomation supporting these concepts are presented. The pharmacokinetic characteristics of scorpion venoms and their correlation to the magnitude of toxic effects are presented in relation to the potentials of therapeutic intervention. The pharmacological basis of the therapeutic usefulness and toxicities of the drugs commonly used in the treatment of scorpion envenoming is also projected. Finally, the results of a successful nation-wide clinical study with serotherapy of scorpion envenoming are presented and evaluated.
本文综述了蝎螫伤综合征的病理生理学，重点关注了常见受影响的身体系统。讨论了毒液作用机制的相关概念，这些概念可通过最近发现的对离子通道的影响来解释。文中还介绍了蝎螫伤受害者病例的临床分析结果以及支持这些概念的蝎螫伤动物实验结果。结合治疗干预的可能性，阐述了蝎毒的药代动力学特征及其与毒性作用程度的相关性。同时也预测了治疗蝎螫伤常用药物的治疗效用和毒性的药理学基础。最后，展示并评估了一项全国范围内蝎螫伤血清疗法成功临床研究的结果。
