Baker L C
Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA 94305-5092, USA.
N Engl J Med. 1996 Apr 11;334(15):960-4. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199604113341506.
Male physicians have long earned more than female physicians, even after differences in the number of hours worked, specialty, practice setting, and other characteristics are taken into account. Whether earnings patterns have changed recently is not known.
I examined data on earnings from the 1991 Survey of Young Physicians, a nationwide survey of physicians under 45 years of age with two to nine years of practice experience. The results were compared with data from the 1987 Survey of Young Physicians and with data on the earnings of physicians with 10 or more years of experience from the American Medical Association's 1991 Socioeconomic Monitoring System survey.
In 1990, young male physicians earned 41 percent more per year than young female physicians (male:female earnings ratio, 1.41; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.34 to 1.49). Per hour, young men earned 14 percent more than young women (ratio, 1.14; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.09 to 1.20). However, after adjusting for differences in specialty, practice setting, and other characteristics, no earnings difference was evident (ratio, 1.00; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.96 to 1.04). In general practice and family practice, women earned more than men, after adjustment for differences in other characteristics (ratio, 0.87; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.78 to 0.97). In internal-medicine subspecialties and emergency medicine, men earned more than women (ratio, 1.26; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.10 to 1.44). Among physicians with 10 or more years of experience, men also earned more than women (ratio, 1.17; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.07 to 1.27).
Young male and female physicians with similar characteristics earn equal amounts of money. However, differences in earnings between men and women remain among older physicians and in some specialties.
长期以来，即使在考虑工作时长、专业、执业环境及其他特征差异之后，男性医生的收入仍高于女性医生。目前尚不清楚收入模式近期是否发生了变化。
我分析了1991年青年医生调查中的收入数据，该调查是一项针对年龄在45岁以下、有两至九年执业经验的医生的全国性调查。将结果与1987年青年医生调查的数据以及美国医学协会1991年社会经济监测系统调查中10年及以上经验医生的收入数据进行了比较。
1990年，青年男性医生的年收入比青年女性医生高41%（男性与女性收入比为1.41；95%置信区间为1.34至1.49）。按小时计算，青年男性比青年女性多挣14%（比率为1.14；95%置信区间为1.09至1.20）。然而，在调整专业、执业环境及其他特征差异后，收入差异并不明显（比率为1.00；95%置信区间为0.96至1.04）。在普通科和家庭科，在调整其他特征差异后，女性收入高于男性（比率为0.87；95%置信区间为0.78至0.97）。在内科亚专业和急诊医学领域，男性收入高于女性（比率为1.26；95%置信区间为1.10至1.44）。在有10年及以上经验的医生中，男性收入也高于女性（比率为1.17；95%置信区间为1.07至1.27）。
具有相似特征的青年男性和女性医生收入相当。然而，在年长医生和某些专业领域，男女收入仍存在差异。
