Luyt D K, Davis G, Dance M, Simmank K, Patel D
Department of Anaesthesia, Baragwanath Hospital, Johannesburg.
S Afr Med J. 1995 Oct;85(10):999-1001.
A prospective study of 455 black asthmatic children (277 boys) attending the Baragwanath Hospital asthma clinic was undertaken. A history was obtained by means of a standardised questionnaire and skin tests were performed. Cough was the commonest presenting symptom and upper respiratory tract infections, exercise and cold weather the commonest symptom precipitants. The relative incidences of the other precipitants reflected the environment of the study population. Associated atopic conditions were present in 75.5% of patients and a family background in 22.2%. Other respiratory diagnoses were commonly made, particularly tuberculosis, which was diagnosed in 7.4%. Fewer than one-third had no positive skin reaction. The commonest allergens were grasses, pollen and house-dust mites. The high proportion of house-dust mite sensitivity (44.2%) contradicts beliefs that they are rare at higher altitudes.
对在巴拉格瓦纳特医院哮喘诊所就诊的455名黑人哮喘儿童（277名男孩）进行了一项前瞻性研究。通过标准化问卷获取病史并进行皮肤测试。咳嗽是最常见的症状，上呼吸道感染、运动和寒冷天气是最常见的症状诱发因素。其他诱发因素的相对发生率反映了研究人群的环境。75.5%的患者存在相关特应性疾病，22.2%有家族背景。其他呼吸道疾病诊断也很常见，尤其是结核病，诊断率为7.4%。不到三分之一的人皮肤反应呈阴性。最常见的过敏原是草、花粉和屋尘螨。屋尘螨敏感性比例较高（44.2%），这与海拔较高地区屋尘螨罕见的观点相矛盾。
