Schulman A, Bass E M
S Afr Med J. 1977 Mar 12;51(11):355-6.
Recent modification of percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography has resulted in success rates of 100% in opacifying obstructed biliary systems and of 50% in unobstructed systems. The authors use a 23-gauge needle with a 2- or 5-ml syringe for injecting contrast medium at high pressure. Only one puncture of the liver surface is usually required. Complications have not occurred in unobstructed cases, but early operation is still recommended in obstructed cases.
经皮肝穿刺胆管造影术的近期改进使得梗阻性胆管系统造影成功率达100%，非梗阻性胆管系统造影成功率为50%。作者使用23号针头和2或5毫升注射器在高压下注入造影剂。通常只需对肝表面进行一次穿刺。非梗阻性病例未发生并发症，但梗阻性病例仍建议早期手术。
