JAMA. 1996 Apr 24;275(16):1270-80.
To summarize the Smoking Cessation Clinical Practice Guideline that provides recommendations for 3 groups of professionals: primary care clinicians, smoking cessation specialists, and health care administrators, insurers, and purchasers.
An independent panel of scientists, clinicians, consumers, and methodologists selected by the US Agency for Health Care Policy and Research.
English-language, peer-reviewed literature published between 1975 and 1994 that addresses the assessment and treatment of tobacco dependence, nicotine addiction, and clinical practice.
Four panel meetings were held over 2 years to evaluate meta-analytic and other results, to synthesize the results, and to develop recommendations. The Guideline was repeatedly reviewed and revised.
The panel recommendations address 3 audiences. Major recommendations for primary care clinicians are to use officewide systems to identify smokers, treat every smoker with a cessation or motivational intervention, offer nicotine replacement except in special circumstances, and schedule follow-up contact to occur after cessation. Major recommendations to smoking cessation specialists are to use multiple individual or group counseling sessions lasting at least 20 minutes each with sessions spanning multiple weeks, offer nicotine replacement, and provide problem-solving and social support counseling. Major recommendations for health care administrators, insurers, and purchasers are that tobacco-user identification systems be used in all clinics and that smoking cessation treatment be supported through staff education and training, dedicated staff, changes in hospital policies, and the provision of reimbursement for tobacco-dependence treatment.
总结戒烟临床实践指南，该指南为三类专业人员提供建议：初级保健临床医生、戒烟专家以及医疗保健管理人员、保险公司和采购方。
由美国医疗保健政策与研究机构挑选的一个独立的科学家、临床医生、消费者和方法学家小组。
1975年至1994年间发表的英文、经同行评审的文献，涉及烟草依赖、尼古丁成瘾的评估与治疗以及临床实践。
在两年内召开了四次小组会议，以评估荟萃分析及其他结果，综合这些结果并制定建议。该指南经过反复审查和修订。
小组建议针对三类受众。对初级保健临床医生的主要建议是使用全办公室系统识别吸烟者，对每位吸烟者进行戒烟或动机干预治疗，在特殊情况除外时提供尼古丁替代疗法，并安排在戒烟后进行随访。对戒烟专家的主要建议是进行多次个体或团体咨询，每次咨询至少持续20分钟，咨询持续数周，提供尼古丁替代疗法，并提供解决问题和社会支持咨询。对医疗保健管理人员、保险公司和采购方的主要建议是在所有诊所使用烟草使用者识别系统，并通过员工教育与培训、专职员工、医院政策的改变以及为烟草依赖治疗提供报销来支持戒烟治疗。
