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作为《1988 年美国卫生总监关于尼古丁成瘾的报告》的衍生组织,美国国家药物滥用研究所烟草研究学会的历任主席:思考与回顾。

Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco as an Outgrowth of the 1988 Surgeon General's Report on Nicotine Addiction: Reflections of the Early Presidents.

机构信息

Professor Emeritus of Psychology, Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.

Professor Emeritus of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA.

出版信息

Nicotine Tob Res. 2024 Jan 22;26(2):118-125. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntad151.

DOI:10.1093/ntr/ntad151
PMID:37584666
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10803119/
Abstract

INTRODUCTION

The Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco began in the United States as a scientific organization "to stimulate the generation and dissemination of new knowledge concerning nicotine and tobacco in all its manifestations." Now in its 30th year, the Society is taking on new challenges in tobacco control, nicotine vaping, product regulation, and public policy.

AIMS AND METHODS

This Review describes the formative years of the Society from the perspective of researchers who were in leadership positions during that time, documenting how biobehavioral and clinical research in the first 10 years was a continuation of the scientific mission of the 1988 United States Surgeon General's Report on Nicotine Addiction and summarizing organizational innovations during each president's term of office.

CONCLUSIONS

The Society's promotion of scientific research served as a catalyst for funding, policy, and regulation, setting the stage for its influence and credibility.

IMPLICATIONS

This Commentary provides context and an overview of the scientific research and the organizational innovations that occurred during the early years of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco using publications and available documentation. The Society was able to thrive because biobehavioral research on nicotine addiction provided the scientific underpinnings for the tobacco control enterprise as a whole. The objective of this Commentary is to describe formative events in the Society's history based on the accomplishments of its early leaders.

摘要

简介

美国的“尼古丁与烟草研究学会”(简称 SRNT)最初是一个科学组织,旨在“激发与尼古丁和烟草的所有表现形式相关的新知识的产生和传播”。如今,SRNT 已成立 30 年,它在烟草控制、尼古丁雾化产品监管和公共政策方面面临着新的挑战。

目的和方法

本文从当时处于领导地位的研究人员的角度,回顾了学会的初创阶段,记录了最初 10 年的生物行为和临床研究是如何延续 1988 年美国卫生总监尼古丁成瘾报告中的科学使命的,并总结了每位会长任期内的组织创新。

结论

学会对科学研究的推动作用起到了为资金、政策和法规提供支持的作用,为其影响力和可信度奠定了基础。

意义

本文通过出版物和可用文件,用评论的形式提供了学会早期的科学研究和组织创新的背景和概述。学会之所以能够蓬勃发展,是因为尼古丁成瘾的生物行为研究为整个烟草控制事业提供了科学依据。本评论的目的是基于学会早期领导者的成就,描述学会历史上的形成性事件。

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本文引用的文献

1
Neurobiological Mechanisms of Nicotine Reward and Aversion.尼古丁奖赏和厌恶的神经生物学机制。
Pharmacol Rev. 2022 Jan;74(1):271-310. doi: 10.1124/pharmrev.121.000299.
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Acute nicotine reinforcement requires ability to discriminate the stimulus effects of nicotine.急性尼古丁强化需要有辨别尼古丁刺激效应的能力。
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Mechanisms of Nicotine Addiction.尼古丁成瘾的机制。
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Research on Behavioral Discrimination of Nicotine May Inform FDA Policy on Setting a Maximum Nicotine Content in Cigarettes.关于尼古丁行为辨别力的研究可能为 FDA 制定香烟最大尼古丁含量政策提供信息。
Nicotine Tob Res. 2019 Dec 23;21(Suppl 1):S5-S12. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntz136.
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Molecular Mechanisms Associated with Nicotine Pharmacology and Dependence.与尼古丁药理学和成瘾相关的分子机制
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Ending tobacco-caused mortality and morbidity: the case for performance standards for tobacco products.终结烟草导致的死亡和发病:烟草产品绩效标准的必要性。
Tob Control. 2013 May;22 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):i36-7. doi: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2012-050785.
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Regulations restricting the sale and distribution of cigarettes and smokeless tobacco to protect children and adolescents. Final rule.限制香烟和无烟烟草销售与分销以保护儿童和青少年的规定。最终规则。
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Reduced nicotine content cigarettes: effects on toxicant exposure, dependence and cessation.低尼古丁含量香烟:对毒物暴露、依赖和戒烟的影响。
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Developing the science base for reducing tobacco harm.发展减少烟草危害的科学基础。
Nicotine Tob Res. 2007 Nov;9 Suppl 4(0 4):S537-53. doi: 10.1080/14622200701679040.