Watanabe M, Kakiuchi H, Kato H, Shiraishi T, Yatani R, Sugimura T, Nagao M
Carcinogeneis Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.
Jpn J Clin Oncol. 1996 Apr;26(2):77-81. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jjco.a023188.
Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in aged men. Although ras and p53 gene mutations have been detected in some prostate cancers, the major genetic alterations involved in its carcinogenesis are not well understood. Mutation of the APC gene is responsible for colorectal tumors in which ras and p53 mutations are also often involved. Using PCR-SSCP analysis and sequencing, we examined 31 human primary prostate cancers (three cases at stage A, 10 at stage B, five at stage C and 13 at stage D) and four cases of lymph node metastasis from the stage D cases, for mutations in the APC gene. A mutation was detected in only one of the 35 samples (3%). This mutation, present in a primary stage B cancer, had a T to C transition in exon 15 at the first position of codon 956, resulting in substitution of histidine for tyrosine. This study clarified that APC gene mutations are not largely involved in the development of clinical prostate cancer.
前列腺癌是老年男性中最常见的癌症。尽管在一些前列腺癌中已检测到ras和p53基因突变，但其致癌过程中涉及的主要基因改变仍未完全明确。APC基因的突变与结直肠肿瘤有关，而ras和p53突变也常出现在这些肿瘤中。我们采用聚合酶链反应-单链构象多态性分析（PCR-SSCP）和测序技术，检测了31例原发性人类前列腺癌（A期3例、B期10例、C期5例、D期13例）以及4例D期病例的淋巴结转移灶中APC基因的突变情况。在35个样本中仅检测到1个突变（3%）。该突变存在于1例B期原发性癌症中，位于第956密码子第1位的外显子15发生了T到C的转换，导致组氨酸取代酪氨酸。本研究表明，APC基因突变在临床前列腺癌的发生中作用不大。
