Payne D K, Sullivan M D, Massie M J
Psychiatry Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA.
Semin Oncol. 1996 Feb;23(1 Suppl 2):89-97.
Breast cancer is the cancer most studied in terms of psychological and psychosocial aspects because of the high prevalence and mortality of the disease and the psychological effects of surgery on an organ rich in meaning. The diagnosis of breast cancer, treatment, and treatment sequelae are major stressors for any woman; however, the psychological impact of the diagnosis and women's emotional responses vary considerably depending on medical parameters of the disease, the patient's psychological make-up and coping abilities, and the availability of emotional and financial support. We document the experience of breast cancer at all phases of the disease for a majority of psychologically healthy women and describe the emotional responses of women who are at high genetic risk of developing breast cancer. Having a comprehensive understanding of psychologically healthy women's reactions to breast cancer is necessary as we attempt to define standards of care and treatment guidelines for both psychologically healthy women with breast cancer and for those with psychiatric disorders that antedate or complicate breast cancer treatment.
由于乳腺癌的高发病率和死亡率，以及手术对这个具有丰富意义的器官所产生的心理影响，乳腺癌是在心理和社会心理方面研究最多的癌症。乳腺癌的诊断、治疗及治疗后遗症对任何女性来说都是主要的压力源；然而，诊断所带来的心理影响以及女性的情绪反应会因疾病的医学参数、患者的心理构成和应对能力，以及情感和经济支持的可获得性而有很大差异。我们记录了大多数心理健康女性在疾病各个阶段的乳腺癌经历，并描述了具有高乳腺癌发病遗传风险女性的情绪反应。当我们试图为患有乳腺癌的心理健康女性以及那些在乳腺癌治疗之前就存在或使乳腺癌治疗复杂化的精神疾病患者定义护理标准和治疗指南时，全面了解心理健康女性对乳腺癌的反应是必要的。
