Scintigraphic and radiographic patterns of skeletal metastases in breast cancer: value of sequential imaging in predicting outcome.

OBJECTIVE

To determine whether temporal changes in scintigraphic and bone radiographic findings have prognostic significance in patients with skeletal metastases from breast cancer.

DESIGN

Clinical information and films were retrospectively reviewed in 101 randomly selected patients with skeletal metastases. Images from sequential bond scans and bone radiographs were correlated with survival after detection of the metastases.

RESULTS

Time to detection of skeletal metastases and the length of time for which patients were classified as radiologically stable after development of skeletal metastases correlated with survival (r = 0.843; r = 0.821, respectively). Failure to develop a radiographically and scintigraphically stable pattern after treatment was associated with significantly decreased survival compared with the rest of the patients (mean survival 2.1 +/- 1.3 years vs 4.3 +/- 2.3 years; p < 0.001). Scintigraphic regression of metastases was associated with significant survival benefit and longer stabilization of disease compared to all other patterns (mean survival 5.0 +/- 2.7 years of regressive disease vs 3.7 +/- 1.9 years for stable disease and 2.2 +/- 1.3 years for progressive disease; p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

Sequential scintigraphic and radiographic imaging is useful in breast cancer patients not only for detection of metastases and monitoring of treatment effect, but also because these studies provide valuable prognostic information.