Nordström G, Bergman B, Tillberg A, Osterlind P O
Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Odontology, University of Umeå, Sweden.
Swed Dent J. 1995;19(5):195-204.
A comparison of oral health in two different samples of 70-year-old men and women living in the city of Umeå in 1981 and 1990 showed that a higher frequency of dental visits among men could be expected in the city population in 1990 (95% CI). The frequency and pattern of reported oral problems was similar in 1981 and 1990. Total edentulousness among men and women in 1981/1990 was 31.3/21.4 and 53.5/35.7% respectively. The lower frequency in 1990 was not statistically significant on the population level. The mean number of teeth was lower in dentated men (12.8 +/- 6.0 V.S. 17.4 +/- 5.4) (p < 0.05) and women (16.9 +/- 6.3 V.S. 13.9 +/- 8.4) (n.s.) in 1990 compared with in 1981 and the functional index according to Eichner showed no difference. Thus, the lower frequency of edentulousness in 1990 mainly seemed to be the result of another distribution of about the same total amount of teeth, on more people. The bleeding index showed values around 30% in both cohorts. Both men and women showed less recurrent caries in 1990 (p < or = 0.05). Men showed a higher number of missing teeth (p < or = 0.01) and of decayed root surfaces (p < or = 0.05) in 1990. The latter might be explained by a larger exposed root surface area which was indicated by a higher frequency (n.s.) of surfaces with an attachment level > 3 mm in the cohort examined in 1990. Although, the compared 70-year-old city cohorts in Umeå examined in 1981 and 199 showed a higher frequency of dental visits and of dentated subjects, no improvement in reported oral health or dental status could be found in the 70-year-old in Umeå in 1990.
对1981年和1990年居住在于默奥市的两组70岁男性和女性的口腔健康状况进行比较，结果显示，1990年城市人口中男性看牙的频率预计会更高（95%置信区间）。1981年和1990年报告的口腔问题频率和模式相似。1981年/1990年男性和女性的无牙率分别为31.3%/21.4%和53.5%/35.7%。1990年较低的频率在总体水平上无统计学意义。与1981年相比，1990年有牙男性（12.8±6.0对17.4±5.4）（p<0.05）和女性（16.9±6.3对13.9±8.4）（无统计学意义）的平均牙数较低，根据艾希纳的功能指数无差异。因此，1990年无牙率较低主要似乎是由于相同总量的牙齿分布在更多人身上的结果。两组的出血指数均约为30%。1990年男性和女性的继发龋均较少（p≤0.05）。1990年男性的缺牙数（p≤0.01）和牙根龋坏面数（p≤0.05）较多。后者可能是由于1990年检查的队列中附着水平>3mm的牙面频率较高（无统计学意义），表明牙根暴露面积更大。尽管1981年和1990年在于默奥市比较的两组70岁城市人群中看牙频率和有牙者频率较高，但1990年在于默奥市的70岁人群中未发现报告的口腔健康或牙齿状况有改善。
