Abernathy R P, Black D R
Department of Foods and Nutrition, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-1362, USA.
Am J Clin Nutr. 1996 Mar;63(3 Suppl):448S-451S. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/63.3.448.
The primary purpose of this roundtable discussion of the American Health Foundation is to establish healthy weight standards for adults. In most large, long-term, well-designed studies, the lowest morbidity and mortality rates occurred in adults at weights that yielded BMIs (in kg/m2) between 19 and 25. Best body fat percentages averaged between 12% and 20% for men and 20% and 30% for women. However, statistical values are not applicable to everyone and their strict application may be counterproductive. We believe that most weight-associated health problems result from a cascade of events associated with abnormal blood concentrations of insulin, glucose, or lipids that occur when fat cells become full and insulin-insensitive, and lose their protective functions. Indexes associated with high risk in obese persons often return to normal with appropriate physical activities, dietary habits, and a small weight loss even when body weight and percentage body fat remain above recommended amounts. We believe that statistically derived standards for body weight and percentage body fat are appropriate for use as a screening test but should be downplayed as strict guidelines for all.
美国健康基金会本次圆桌讨论的主要目的是为成年人确立健康体重标准。在大多数大型、长期、设计良好的研究中，发病率和死亡率最低的成年人体重对应的体重指数（BMI，单位：kg/m²）在19至25之间。男性的最佳体脂百分比平均在12%至20%之间，女性在20%至30%之间。然而，统计数据并不适用于所有人，严格应用这些数据可能会适得其反。我们认为，大多数与体重相关的健康问题是由一系列事件导致的，这些事件与脂肪细胞充满且对胰岛素不敏感并失去保护功能时血液中胰岛素、葡萄糖或脂质浓度异常有关。肥胖者的高风险相关指标通常会通过适当的体育活动、饮食习惯和少量体重减轻恢复正常，即便体重和体脂百分比仍高于推荐水平。我们认为，从统计学得出的体重和体脂百分比标准适合用作筛查测试，但不应过分强调其作为所有人严格准则的作用。
