Rosenthal S, Chen R, Hadler S
National Immunization Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 1996 May;150(5):457-60. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1996.02170300011001.
To determine the impact of the introduction of acellular pertussis vaccine for the fourth and fifth doses of the diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and pertussis vaccine series in children on rates of reported vaccine-associated adverse events in the United States.
Analysis of postmarketing vaccine adverse event data from the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System during the years 1991 to 1993.
Approximately 27 million doses of diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and pertussis vaccine and 5 million doses of diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis vaccine were distributed from 1991 to 1993 to children 15 months to 7 years of age.
Rates of reported fever, seizures, and hospitalizations after pertussis vaccination.
Rates of reported adverse events per 100,000 vaccinations were significantly lower after administration of diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis vaccine than diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and pertussis vaccine for the following outcomes: all reports, 2.9 vs 9.8; fever, 1.9 vs 7.5; seizures, 0.5 vs 1.7; and hospitalizations, 0.2 vs 0.9.
These results confirm that minor adverse events are less frequent after administration of the acellular pertussis vaccine. In addition, these data suggested that seizures and hospitalizations associated with pertussis vaccination are less frequent after administration of the acellular pertussis vaccine in age groups for which it is now recommended.
确定在美国为儿童白喉破伤风类毒素和百日咳疫苗系列的第四剂和第五剂引入无细胞百日咳疫苗对报告的疫苗相关不良事件发生率的影响。
对1991年至1993年期间疫苗不良事件报告系统的上市后疫苗不良事件数据进行分析。
1991年至1993年期间，向15个月至7岁的儿童分发了约2700万剂白喉破伤风类毒素和百日咳疫苗以及500万剂白喉破伤风类毒素和无细胞百日咳疫苗。
百日咳疫苗接种后报告的发热、癫痫发作和住院率。
对于以下结果，每10万次接种报告的不良事件发生率在接种白喉破伤风类毒素和无细胞百日咳疫苗后显著低于白喉破伤风类毒素和百日咳疫苗：所有报告，2.9对9.8；发热，1.9对7.5；癫痫发作，0.5对1.7；住院，0.2对0.9。
这些结果证实接种无细胞百日咳疫苗后轻微不良事件的发生频率较低。此外，这些数据表明，在目前推荐接种无细胞百日咳疫苗的年龄组中，接种该疫苗后与百日咳疫苗接种相关的癫痫发作和住院情况较少。
