Endothelial CD44H mediates adhesion of a melanoma cell line to quiescent human endothelial cells in vitro.

A critical step in the metastatic spread of tumour cells is the interaction of circulating tumour cells with the vascular endothelium. We have investigated the role of CD44 and its variants in the adhesion of a human melanoma cell line (RPMI-7951) and a breast adenocarcinoma cell line (MDA-MB-231) to quiescent human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) in vitro. Both tumour cell lines express CD44H, CD44A and CD44v9, while HUVEC express only CD44H. Pre-treatment of endothelial cell monolayers with a blocking monoclonal antibody against CD44H (MAb 5A4) reduced the adhesion of RPMI-7951 cells but not that of MDA-MB-231. In contrast, pre-treatment of both tumour cell lines with the same antibody had no effect on adhesion. Digestion of the CD44 ligand hyaluronic acid (HA) on RPMI-7951 cells significantly reduced adhesion to endothelial monolayers, while digestion of HUVEC HA had no effect. We conclude that CD44H expressed on the surface of quiescent endothelial monolayers mediates in part the adhesion of the metastatic melanoma cell line RPMI-7951 but not that of a breast adenocarcinoma line. It does so by acting as a receptor for HA on the tumour cell surface. Tumour cell CD44H and variants CD44A and CD44v9 do not appear to be involved in adhesion to endothelial cells.