Brewin C R
Department of Psychology, University of London, United Kingdom.
Annu Rev Psychol. 1996;47:33-57. doi: 10.1146/annurev.psych.47.1.33.
Cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT) involves a highly diverse set of terms and procedures. In this review, the origins of CBT are briefly considered, and an integrative theoretical framework is proposed that (a) distinguishes therapy interventions targeted at circumscribed disorders from those targeted at generalized disorders and (b) distinguishes interventions aimed at modifying conscious beliefs and representations from those aimed at modifying unconscious representations in memory. Interventions aimed at altering consciously accessible beliefs are related to their theoretical bases in appraisal theories of emotion and cognitive theories of emotion and motivation. Interventions aimed at modifying unconscious representations are related to their theoretical bases in learning theory and findings from experimental cognitive psychology. In the review, different formulations of CBT for anxiety disorders and depression are analyzed in terms of this framework, and theoretical issues relating to self-representations in memory and to emotional processing are considered.
认知行为疗法（CBT）涉及一系列极为多样的术语和程序。在本综述中，我们简要探讨了CBT的起源，并提出了一个综合理论框架，该框架（a）区分了针对特定疾病的治疗干预措施和针对广泛性疾病的治疗干预措施，以及（b）区分了旨在改变有意识信念和表征的干预措施和旨在改变记忆中无意识表征的干预措施。旨在改变可有意识获取信念的干预措施与它们在情绪评估理论以及情绪与动机认知理论中的理论基础相关。旨在改变无意识表征的干预措施与它们在学习理论以及实验认知心理学研究结果中的理论基础相关。在本综述中，我们根据这一框架分析了针对焦虑症和抑郁症的不同CBT疗法，并探讨了与记忆中的自我表征以及情绪处理相关的理论问题。
