Maiorino R M, Gonzalez-Ramirez D, Zuniga-Charles M, Xu Z, Hurlbut K M, Aposhian M M, Dart R C, Woods J S, Ostrosky-Wegman P, Gonsebatt M E, Aposhian H V
Department of Pharmacology, Centro de Investigacion Biomedica Del Noreste, Instituto Mexicano Del Seguro Social, Monterrey, Mexico.
J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1996 May;277(2):938-44.
The sodium salt of 2,3-dimercaptopropane-1-sulfonic acid (Dimaval; DMPS) challenge test has been given previously to humans exposed to elemental mercury (vapor) or mercuric salts, but not mercurous salts. The test (300 mg p.o., after an 11-hr fast) was given to 11 factory workers who make a skin lotion that contains mercurous chloride, eight users of the skin lotion and nine controls. Urines were analyzed for total mercury by using cold vapor atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The mercury excreted for 6 hr before and 6 hr after DMPS treatment was 113 micrograms +/- 26 and 5037 micrograms +/- 682 S.E.M. for the skin lotion makers; 16.2 micrograms +/- 3.4 and 1410 micrograms +/- 346 S.E.M. for the skin lotions users; and 0.49 micrograms +/- 0.11 and 18.4 micrograms +/- 7.1 S.E.M. for the controls, respectively. The increases in urinary mercury resulting from the DMPS challenge test were 45-, 87- and 38-fold, respectively. The results demonstrate that, in humans exposed to mercurous chloride, DMPS increases the urinary excretion of mercury and that the DMPS/mercury challenge test is of value for a more realistic estimation of mobilizable mercury. An attempt to associate genotoxicity, as indicated by micronuclei content in buccal cells, with mercury exposure was inconclusive, perhaps because of the small number of subjects.
2,3-二巯基丙烷-1-磺酸钠（二巯丙磺钠；DMPS）激发试验先前已应用于暴露于元素汞（蒸气）或汞盐但未暴露于亚汞盐的人群。该试验（禁食11小时后口服300毫克）应用于11名生产含氯化亚汞的护肤液的工厂工人、8名该护肤液使用者和9名对照者。通过冷蒸气原子吸收分光光度法分析尿液中的总汞。对于护肤液生产者，DMPS治疗前6小时和治疗后6小时排出的汞分别为113微克±26微克和5037微克±682微克标准误；对于护肤液使用者，分别为16.2微克±3.4微克和1410微克±346微克标准误；对于对照者，分别为0.49微克±0.11微克和18.4微克±7.1微克标准误。DMPS激发试验导致的尿汞增加分别为45倍、87倍和38倍。结果表明，在暴露于氯化亚汞的人群中，DMPS可增加汞的尿排泄量，且DMPS/汞激发试验对于更实际地评估可动员汞具有价值。试图将颊细胞中的微核含量所表明的遗传毒性与汞暴露联系起来的尝试尚无定论，可能是因为受试者数量较少。
