Arbuckle J, Olson L, Howard M, Brillman J, Anctil C, Sklar D
Department of Emergency Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA.
Ann Emerg Med. 1996 Feb;27(2):210-5. doi: 10.1016/s0196-0644(96)70325-6.
To define the contribution of domestic violence (DV) to homicides in women in New Mexico and to examine differences in ethnicity, mechanism, previous documented injuries, incidence of sexual assault, and use of alcohol or illicit drugs between DV- and non-DV-related homicides.
We carried out a retrospective analysis of reports of the state office of the medical investigator (OMI) reports from all female homicides from 1990 to 1993 in New Mexico. A homicide was defined as being related to DV if the perpetrator was a current or former male intimate partner. The chi-squared and Mann-Whitney tests were used to analyze data.
The OMI investigated 134 homicides in women for an overall fatality rate of 4.3 per 100,000. A male intimate partner was the perpetrator in 62 cases (46%). The rate of DV homicide among American Indians (4.9 per 100,000) was significantly higher than that among Hispanics (1.7) and non-Hispanic whites (1.8)(RR=2.8; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.5 to 5.1). Firearms were almost two times as likely to be used in DV homicides as in non-DV homicides (RR=1.8; 95% CI, 1.2 to 2.6). Evidence of old injuries was found more often in DV homicide cases (35.5%) than in non-DV cases (83%) (RR=4.3; 95% CI, 1.8 to 9.8). The presence of alcohol or other drugs was higher among non-DV homicide victims (69%) than DV homicide victims (54.3%) (P=.03).
American Indian women are at particularly high risk of homicide, including DV homicide. Firearms were overrepresented in DV homicides, suggesting that removing firearms from the homes of previous DV perpetrators would be a useful public health strategy. Alcohol or illicit drugs were found in approximately two thirds of New Mexico women who were victims of homicide. The high prevalence of history of previous injuries among DV homicide victims indicates that early identification of DV victims in the emergency department and other health care settings is an important point of intervention.
确定家庭暴力（DV）在新墨西哥州女性凶杀案中的作用，并研究与DV相关和与非DV相关的凶杀案在种族、作案机制、既往有记录的伤害、性侵犯发生率以及酒精或非法药物使用方面的差异。
我们对新墨西哥州医学调查员办公室（OMI）1990年至1993年所有女性凶杀案报告进行了回顾性分析。如果犯罪者是现任或前任男性亲密伴侣，则该凶杀案被定义为与DV相关。使用卡方检验和曼-惠特尼检验分析数据。
OMI调查了134起女性凶杀案，总死亡率为每10万人4.3例。62起案件（46%）的犯罪者是男性亲密伴侣。美国印第安人（每10万人4.9例）的DV凶杀案发生率显著高于西班牙裔（1.7例）和非西班牙裔白人（1.8例）（相对风险（RR）=2.8；95%置信区间（CI），1.5至5.1）。在DV凶杀案中使用枪支的可能性几乎是非DV凶杀案的两倍（RR=1.8；95%CI，1.2至2.6）。在DV凶杀案中发现旧伤证据的情况（35.5%）比非DV凶杀案（83%）更常见（RR=4.3；95%CI，1.8至9.8）。非DV凶杀案受害者中酒精或其他药物的使用率（69%）高于DV凶杀案受害者（54.3%）（P=0.03）。
美国印第安女性面临特别高的凶杀风险，包括DV凶杀案。枪支在DV凶杀案中占比过高，这表明从前DV犯罪者家中移除枪支将是一项有用的公共卫生策略。在新墨西哥州约三分之二的女性凶杀案受害者中发现了酒精或非法药物。DV凶杀案受害者既往受伤史的高发生率表明，在急诊科和其他医疗环境中早期识别DV受害者是一个重要的干预点。
