Minton K W
Department of Pathology, F.E. Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, USA.
Mutat Res. 1996 May 15;363(1):1-7. doi: 10.1016/0921-8777(95)00014-3.
Deinococcus radiodurans is extremely resistant to the lethal and mutagenic effects of ionizing-radiation and many other physical and chemical agents that damage DNA. This resistance is known to be due to D. radiodurans' extremely proficient DNA repair processes. However, little is known about the precise mechanisms employed by this organism to achieve its efficient repair. In the past two years there has been substantial progress in studies on the repair and tolerance of ionizing radiation damage. Areas of progress include: 1) studies on the importance of the deinococcal recA-gene in repair; 2) characterization of a large number of new ionizing radiation-sensitive strains; 3) newly discovered genetic loci with novel repair-related mutational phenotypes; 4) demonstration of efficient interplasmidic and interchromosomal recombination occurring postirradiation; and 5) recent speculations on the mechanisms of radiation resistance and the driving forces of natural selection for DNA damage resistance in D. radiodurans.
耐辐射球菌对电离辐射以及许多其他会损伤DNA的物理和化学因子的致死和诱变作用具有极强的抗性。已知这种抗性归因于耐辐射球菌极其高效的DNA修复过程。然而，对于该生物体实现高效修复所采用的精确机制却知之甚少。在过去两年里，关于电离辐射损伤的修复和耐受性研究取得了重大进展。进展领域包括：1）对耐辐射球菌recA基因在修复中的重要性的研究；2）大量新的电离辐射敏感菌株的特性描述；3）具有新型修复相关突变表型的新发现遗传位点；4）辐照后发生的高效质体间和染色体间重组的证明；5）最近对耐辐射球菌抗辐射机制以及DNA损伤抗性自然选择驱动力的推测。
