Huttunen P, Hirvonen J
Forensic Sci. 1977 May-Jun;9(3):185-93. doi: 10.1016/0300-9432(77)90090-5.
Some parameters related to withstanding severe cold (-20 degrees C) after administration of increasing doses of ethanol were investigated using guinea-pigs. The animals had been reared either at 22-23 degrees C or at 17-18 degrees C. They received ethanol in doses of 0.8 g, 1.2 g, 1.4 g or 1.6 g per kg of body weight. The fall of rectal temperature and its level at death were registered. The survival time, ethanol concentration in the blood and the brain, serum glucose and serum FFA at death were determined. In the animals reared at 22-23 degrees C the ethanol doses of 1.2-1.6 g/kg caused a significant shortening of the survival time and accelerated the fall of the rectal temperature. In addition the rectal temperature at death after ethanol was lower than in the controls. In the animals reared at 17-18 degrees C the ethanol doses used did not have any significant effect on the survival time and the rectal temperature. In both groups, ethanol concentration in the brain was lower (about 20-40%) than in the blood, the difference being greater in the group reared at 22-23 degrees C. Ethanol had no effect on the glucose concentrations. Serum FFA levels were slightly lower in animals reared at 22-23 degrees C than in those grown in the cooler temperature. It became evident that ethanol has a dose dependent deleterious effect on the thermoregulation of animals reared in warm (22-23 degrees C). The effect was seen at and above the dose of 1.2 g/kg. The results indicate further even a slight acclimation to cold was able to abolish the effect of these rather great doses of ethanol in severe cold exposure.
使用豚鼠研究了给予递增剂量乙醇后与耐受严寒（-20摄氏度）相关的一些参数。这些动物饲养于22 - 23摄氏度或17 - 18摄氏度环境中。它们接受的乙醇剂量为每千克体重0.8克、1.2克、1.4克或1.6克。记录直肠温度的下降及其死亡时的水平。测定死亡时的存活时间、血液和大脑中的乙醇浓度、血清葡萄糖和血清游离脂肪酸。在饲养于22 - 23摄氏度的动物中，1.2 - 1.6克/千克的乙醇剂量导致存活时间显著缩短，并加速直肠温度下降。此外，乙醇处理后死亡时的直肠温度低于对照组。在饲养于17 - 18摄氏度的动物中，所用乙醇剂量对存活时间和直肠温度没有任何显著影响。在两组中，大脑中的乙醇浓度均低于血液（约低20 - 40%），在饲养于22 - 23摄氏度的组中差异更大。乙醇对葡萄糖浓度没有影响。饲养于22 - 23摄氏度的动物血清游离脂肪酸水平略低于饲养于较低温度环境中的动物。显而易见，乙醇对饲养于温暖环境（22 - 23摄氏度）中的动物体温调节具有剂量依赖性有害作用。在1.2克/千克及以上剂量时可观察到这种作用。结果进一步表明，即使是轻微的冷适应也能够消除这些相当大剂量乙醇在严寒暴露中的影响。
