美国出生队列中的吸烟流行率：性别和教育的影响。
Smoking prevalence in US birth cohorts: the influence of gender and education.
作者信息
Escobedo L G, Peddicord J P
机构信息
Office on Smoking and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341-3724, USA.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 1996 Feb;86(2):231-6. doi: 10.2105/ajph.86.2.231.
OBJECTIVES
To assess long-term trends in cigarette smoking according to the combined influence of sex and education, this study examined smoking prevalence in successive US birth cohorts.
METHODS
Data from nationally representative surveys were examined to assess smoking prevalence for six successive 10-year birth cohorts stratified by race or ethnicity, sex, and educational attainment.
RESULTS
Substantial declines in smoking prevalence were found among men who had a high school education or more, regardless of race or ethnicity, and slight declines among women of the same educational background were revealed. However, little change was found in smoking prevalence among men of all race/ethnic groups with less than a high school education, and large increases were found among women with the same years of schooling, especially if they were White or African American.
CONCLUSIONS
These data suggest that persons of low educational attainment have yet to benefit from policies and education about the health consequences of cigarette smoking.
目的
为评估性别与教育程度综合影响下的吸烟长期趋势，本研究调查了美国连续出生队列中的吸烟率。
方法
对具有全国代表性的调查数据进行分析，以评估按种族或族裔、性别和教育程度分层的六个连续10年出生队列的吸烟率。
结果
无论种族或族裔如何，接受过高中及以上教育的男性吸烟率大幅下降，具有相同教育背景的女性吸烟率略有下降。然而，受教育程度低于高中的所有种族/族裔男性的吸烟率变化不大，而受教育年限相同的女性吸烟率大幅上升，尤其是白人或非裔美国女性。
结论
这些数据表明，受教育程度低的人群尚未从有关吸烟对健康影响的政策和教育中受益。
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