Parent C, King L G, Van Winkle T J, Walker L M
Department of Clinical Studies, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104-6010, USA.
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1996 May 1;208(9):1428-33.
To characterize respiratory function and treatment in dogs with findings compatible with those of human adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and to evaluate the application in dogs of clinical for diagnosis of ARDS.
Retrospective review of medical records.
19 dogs with acute respiratory distress syndrome.
Arterial blood pH was 7.30 +/- 0.59 (mean +/- SD). Nine dogs had metabolic acidosis. In nonmechanically ventilated dogs, PaCO2 was 15.0 to 54.9 mm of Hg. Respiratory acidosis developed in 2 mechanically ventilated dogs. Hypoxemia was observed in 4 of 5 dogs breathing room air. In 4 mechanically ventilated dogs, oxygenation was inadequate, despite use of > 60% inspired O2 and positive end-expiratory pressure in 3 dogs. Alveolar-to-arterial oxygen tension gradients were widened in 4 dogs breathing room air and in 6 dogs ventilated with 100% O2. Ten dogs were mechanically ventilated; ventilatory rate was 18 to 60 breaths/min. Tidal volume was 12 +/- 3.8 ml/kg of body weight in 4 dogs, minute ventilation > 400 ml/kg/min in 2 dogs, and peak airway pressures > 25 cm of H2O in 6 dogs. Positive end-expiratory pressure was used in 8 dogs. Pneumothorax was detected in 5 ventilated dogs. Human clinical criteria for diagnosis of ARDS were fulfilled in 7 dogs. Fluid treatment consisted of IV crystalloids and synthetic colloids. Drugs most often administered were antibiotics and loop diuretics.
Human clinical criteria for identification of ARDS may be helpful in diagnosis of acute respiratory distress syndrome in dogs.
对临床表现与成人呼吸窘迫综合征（ARDS）相符的犬类的呼吸功能及治疗进行特征描述，并评估ARDS临床诊断标准在犬类中的应用。
对病历进行回顾性分析。
19只患有急性呼吸窘迫综合征的犬。
动脉血pH值为7.30±0.59（均值±标准差）。9只犬患有代谢性酸中毒。在未进行机械通气的犬中，动脉血二氧化碳分压（PaCO2）为15.0至54.9毫米汞柱。2只进行机械通气的犬出现了呼吸性酸中毒。5只呼吸室内空气的犬中有4只出现低氧血症。在4只进行机械通气的犬中，尽管3只犬吸入氧浓度>60%且使用了呼气末正压通气，但氧合仍不充分。4只呼吸室内空气的犬和6只吸入100%氧气进行通气的犬的肺泡-动脉氧分压差增大。10只犬进行了机械通气；通气频率为18至60次/分钟。4只犬的潮气量为12±3.8毫升/千克体重，2只犬的分钟通气量>400毫升/千克/分钟，6只犬的气道峰值压力>25厘米水柱。8只犬使用了呼气末正压通气。5只进行通气的犬检测到气胸。7只犬符合人类ARDS的临床诊断标准。液体治疗包括静脉输注晶体液和合成胶体液。最常使用的药物是抗生素和袢利尿剂。
人类ARDS的临床诊断标准可能有助于犬急性呼吸窘迫综合征的诊断。
