Broome M E, Richtsmeier A, Maikler V, Alexander M
School of Nursing, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee 53201, USA.
J Pain Symptom Manage. 1996 May;11(5):312-20. doi: 10.1016/0885-3924(95)00205-7.
The purpose of this study was to examine how health-care providers in U.S. teaching hospitals assess and manage children's pain. A 59-item questionnaire was sent to institutions with pediatric residency programs listed in the 1992 National Residency Matching Program. Two hundred and twenty-seven questionnaires were sent and 113 were returned. Two-thirds were from nurses, one-third from physicians. Sixty percent of the respondents stated that they had standards of care or protocols for pain in their institutions, but only one-quarter reported that the standards were followed 80% or more of the time. Use of formal pain-assessment tools was reported by 73% of the sample. Respondents reported that the effectiveness of pain assessment and management was lower for infants and younger children. Only 35% of the sample indicated it was "likely" or "very likely" that parents would be involved in planning prior to a painful event. Several obstacles to adequate pain management were identified by the respondents: knowledge deficit, attitudes, and resources.
本研究的目的是考察美国教学医院的医疗服务提供者如何评估和管理儿童疼痛。一份包含59个条目的问卷被发送给了在1992年全国住院医师匹配计划中列出的设有儿科住院医师培训项目的机构。共发送了227份问卷，回收了113份。三分之二的问卷来自护士，三分之一来自医生。60%的受访者表示他们所在机构有疼痛护理标准或方案，但只有四分之一的人报告称这些标准在80%或更多时间得到了遵循。73%的样本报告使用了正式的疼痛评估工具。受访者称，婴儿和年幼儿童的疼痛评估和管理效果较低。只有35%的样本表示，家长“有可能”或“非常有可能”在疼痛事件发生前参与计划。受访者指出了充分疼痛管理的几个障碍：知识不足、态度问题和资源问题。
