Herman C J, Lengerich E J, Stoodt G
Breast and Cervical Cancer Control Program, Division of Epidemiology, State of North Carolina Department of Environment, Health and Natural Resources, Raleigh, USA.
South Med J. 1996 Jun;89(6):583-90. doi: 10.1097/00007611-199606000-00006.
Physicians play an important role in recommending and doing cancer screening for their patients. In 1991, the North Carolina Department of Environment, Health and Natural Resources and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention conducted a survey to determine the counseling and referral practices of primary care physicians practicing in North Carolina. Physicians were asked to report the percentage of patients in various age groups that they recommended receive a clinical breast examination, referral for mammography screening, or a Pap test and at what intervals they recommended each study. They were also asked their perceived barriers to cervical cancer screening. Obstetrician-gynecologists recommended annual Pap smear screening more frequently than did physicians in other specialties for patients of all ages. For mammography, variation existed for recommended screening intervals for all specialties by patient age (35 to 39 years, 40 to 49 years, 50 to 64 years, and over age 65). Recommendations for mammography also differed significantly according to physicians' age and sex. The medical community and the public need a consistent and clear message to promote effective screening maneuvers.
医生在为患者推荐和进行癌症筛查方面发挥着重要作用。1991年，北卡罗来纳州环境、健康与自然资源部以及疾病控制与预防中心进行了一项调查，以确定在北卡罗来纳州执业的初级保健医生的咨询和转诊做法。医生们被要求报告他们建议接受临床乳房检查、转诊进行乳房X线筛查或巴氏试验的不同年龄组患者的百分比，以及他们建议每项检查的间隔时间。他们还被问及他们认为的宫颈癌筛查障碍。对于所有年龄段的患者，妇产科医生比其他专科医生更频繁地建议每年进行巴氏涂片筛查。对于乳房X线检查，所有专科根据患者年龄（35至39岁、40至49岁、50至64岁以及65岁以上）推荐的筛查间隔存在差异。关于乳房X线检查的建议也因医生的年龄和性别而有显著差异。医学界和公众需要一个一致且清晰的信息来促进有效的筛查措施。
