Shin W S, Min C K, Kim Y R, Yoo J H, Kang M W
Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University Medical College, Seoul, Korea.
J Antimicrob Chemother. 1996 Jan;37(1):93-103. doi: 10.1093/jac/37.1.93.
Infections in immunocompromised patients are often difficult to treat, even with currently available antimicrobial agents. An understanding of the effects of antibiotic therapy on the host's immune response is therefore important when deciding on the clinical management of such patients. Antimicrobial agents which lack immunodepressive effects and/or potentiate the immune response are the goal of current research into the treatment of infections in immunocompromised patients. The effects of cefodizime (1-250 micrograms/mL) in vitro on some functional activities of leucocytes and on colony formation by granulocyte monocyte progenitors were studied to investigate the effects of the antibiotic on the host's immune response. A marked enhancement in the lymphocyte transformation reaction was observed in cells exposed to cefodizime. This effect was dose-dependent. Cefodizime had no significant effect on antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity or on natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity. The chemotactic activity of neutrophils was not influenced by the presence of cefodizime (P > 0.05). The phagocytic activity of neutrophils was significantly increased by cefodizime (P > 0.01). Cefodizime significantly stimulated, in a dose-dependent manner, colony formation by granulocyte-monocyte progenitors (P < 0.01). Results suggest that cefodizime has certain stimulatory effects on immunocompetent cells such as enhancing the transformation reaction of lymphocytes, neutrophil phagocytosis and colony formation by granulocyte-monocyte progenitors. Further studies are required to clarify the mechanisms responsible for these effects.
免疫功能低下患者的感染往往难以治疗，即便使用目前可用的抗菌药物也是如此。因此，在决定此类患者的临床治疗方案时，了解抗生素治疗对宿主免疫反应的影响至关重要。缺乏免疫抑制作用和/或增强免疫反应的抗菌药物是目前免疫功能低下患者感染治疗研究的目标。研究了头孢地嗪（1 - 250微克/毫升）在体外对白细胞某些功能活性以及粒细胞 - 单核细胞祖细胞集落形成的影响，以探讨该抗生素对宿主免疫反应的影响。在接触头孢地嗪的细胞中观察到淋巴细胞转化反应明显增强。这种效应呈剂量依赖性。头孢地嗪对抗体依赖性细胞毒性或自然杀伤细胞介导的细胞毒性无显著影响。头孢地嗪的存在对中性粒细胞的趋化活性没有影响（P>0.05）。头孢地嗪显著增加了中性粒细胞的吞噬活性（P>0.01）。头孢地嗪以剂量依赖性方式显著刺激粒细胞 - 单核细胞祖细胞的集落形成（P<0.01）。结果表明，头孢地嗪对免疫活性细胞具有一定的刺激作用，如增强淋巴细胞的转化反应、中性粒细胞的吞噬作用以及粒细胞 - 单核细胞祖细胞的集落形成。需要进一步研究以阐明造成这些效应的机制。
