Boliek C A, Hixon T J, Watson P J, Morgan W J
National Center for Neurogenic Communication Disorders, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721, USA.
J Voice. 1996 Mar;10(1):1-22. doi: 10.1016/s0892-1997(96)80015-4.
Vocalization and breathing were studied in 40 healthy infants, including five boys and five girls each at ages 5 weeks, 2.5 months, 6.5 months, and 12 months. Breathing was monitored through the use of a variable inductance plethysmograph that enabled estimates of the volume changes of the rib cage, abdomen, and lung, as well as estimates of selected temporal features of the breathing cycle. Four vocalization types were studied intensively. These included cries, whimpers, grunts, and syllable utterances. Breathing behavior was highly variable across the four vocalization types, demonstrating the degrees of freedom of performance available to the infant to accomplish the aeromechanical drive required. Such behavior was influenced by body length, body position, and age, but not by vocalization type and sex. The protocol established is a useful tool for observing the natural course of the emergence of vocalization and breathing during the first year of life.
对40名健康婴儿的发声和呼吸进行了研究，其中包括5名5周、2.5个月、6.5个月和12个月大的男婴和女婴各5名。通过使用可变电感体积描记器监测呼吸，该仪器能够估计胸腔、腹部和肺部的容积变化，以及呼吸周期中选定的时间特征。对四种发声类型进行了深入研究。这些包括哭声、呜咽声、咕噜声和音节发声。四种发声类型的呼吸行为差异很大，这表明婴儿在完成所需的气动驱动方面具有表现自由度。这种行为受身长、身体姿势和年龄的影响，但不受发声类型和性别的影响。所建立的方案是观察生命第一年发声和呼吸出现自然过程的有用工具。
